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Dr. Anne Adams. Introducing Methods and dissemination strategies. STAGES IN RESEARCH (OVER TIME). APPROACHES TO RESEARCH. POINTS TO TAKE AWAY. DISSEMINATION. SUPPORT: YOU’RE NOT ALONE. Intro to Methods. BUT. NO RIGHT OR WRONG. GOOD QUALITY RESEARCH. MOST EFFECTIVE ROUTE FOR YOU.
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Dr. Anne Adams Introducing Methods and dissemination strategies
STAGES IN RESEARCH (OVER TIME) • APPROACHES TO RESEARCH POINTS TO TAKE AWAY • DISSEMINATION • SUPPORT: YOU’RE NOT ALONE
BUT NO RIGHT OR WRONG • GOOD QUALITY RESEARCH • MOST EFFECTIVE ROUTE FOR YOU
What you bring to research: • Own values, experiences, interests, beliefs etc. • What others bring to research: • Their values, experiences, interests, beliefs etc. • Why are you doing this research: • change your practice, other peoples practice, organisational practice, mind-sets & beliefs. Research Reflection • How will the research impact on you • How the research changes us, as people and as researchers. • How the research will change others. • Expectations of how the research will change others.
What is my question? PLAN REFLECT ACT REFLECT OBSERVE Research Cycle (Action Research)
TRADITIONAL VARIATIONS IN RESEARCH • TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT • ETHNOGRAPHIC / EXPLORATORY
Specific Issue / Problem (e.g How does tutor contact time affect TMA scores) What is my question? Specific PROBLEM with a technical solution (e.g. computer Visualisations increasing problem understanding) Action Research Broad Issue (e.g. WHY do some people benefit from learning in collaboration more than others?)
Students always email / call me wanting immediate responses when its not possible (e.g Away at a conference, at a funeral, asleep). Then they are frustrated / upset by the delay in response. Initial PROBLEM / ISSUE
MAYBE (hypothesis) – if they could see my diary they’d time their contacts so that I could respond right away and we’d both be happy? Traditional T&L example….
Will open diary access improve interactions PLAN: Who, when, where diary access / measurement of improvement Traditional T&L example ACT: Implement diary access REFLECT: Did it make a difference OBSERVE: Collect data & analyse findings
Reduce – Break-down & define variables (concepts / things) to measure e.g. What is improvement? • Measure – How to measure, When, With what tools & analysis. Reductionistic • Sampling - (e.g. types of students, times of year), Biases (e.g. tutor teaching style).
Objective measures: Logs (e.g. first class logs) with critical incidents, experiments. Traditional Research Question Methods…. • Subjective measures: interviews, focus groups, Surveys.
Technical Development Developing a agent based application as a first stop for students that evaluates questions by key words as a) initial FAQ type problems gives the appropriate reply b) less urgent NON-FAQ gives student a time-frame for response c) Urgent Questions: sends these to a separate urgent email account & texts the lecturer of these emails.
What is my question? Plan (sys req, dev cycle) Who Technical Development example? REFLECT Develop & evaluate Collect data / analyse
Development – feed in from students & / or tutors • Objective Evaluation of system – for usability / accuracy / speed of responses and students perceptions of the system – user trials, experiments Technical Development • Subjective Evaluation of the system - post-hoc interviews, focus groups, surveys.
The big picture: Gathering all the data from OTHERS PERSPECTIVE ?
What is my question? PLAN REFLECT ACT OBSERVE Action Research & Exploratory Research
Initial Question Further Question Plan Plan Reflect Reflect Act Act Observe Observe Action Research (2)
Face to face at residential schools Formative assessments & feedback Letters via the post FOCUS / contextual (1)? Telephone conversations Email communication between student & tutor First Class tutor moderating student & tutor communication
Who (different student types) At the end of a specific course What courses FOCUS / Point of Inquiry ? When – e.g. throughout, after TMAs Type of email: first class, personal F student & tutor email communication
How do communications with tutor change over time? Who contacted & Why (tutor, students, others)? Expected response times & why? FOCUS / Point of Inquiry ? What are the barriers to student / tutor communications? How do these interactions differ from other forms ? What good about student / tutor communications? student & tutor email communication
Uncover very new convincing findings • Provides context of where to go forward Exploratory Research • Through sampling can highlight specific & generic issues.
What is my question? PLAN REFLECT ACT OBSERVE OVERVIEW
ISSUES OF BIAS • Not Divide but to compliment • Exploratory (discovery) – reductionistic (justification) Good Quality Research • Henwood / Pidgeon – good quality research • 7 golden rules of good quality research
Initial QUESTION? PLAN: Background research & planning ACT and /or OBSERVE REFLECT: Implications / Discussion Levels in research
Initial QUESTION? PLANNING courses, teaching activities PLAN: Background research & planning CONDUCTING EVERYDAY ACTIONS (E.G. Teaching) ACT and /or OBSERVE REFLECT on Changes to current practices REFLECT: Implications / Discussion Action Research & Levels
Ethics & Research / Consent (Anne, Faculty Mentors) • Research Support • Faculty Mentors – Faculty Issues You’re NOT alone • Anne Adams – Next Generation Distance Learning & Methods • eSTEeM management: Steve, Catherine, Diane • Library, IET, User-labs
Planning and Reflection • Action Research & Level of abstraction Overview of Research Issues • Selecting a method • Research quality & Dissemination