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A Global Conflict

War Affects the World. A Global Conflict. Countries at War 1916. The Gallipoli Campaign. The Allies believed that if they could control the Dardanelles then they would defeat the Turks of the Ottoman empire and open up a supply line to Russia. The Gallipoli Campaign (cont’d).

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A Global Conflict

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  1. War Affects the World A Global Conflict

  2. Countries at War 1916

  3. The Gallipoli Campaign • The Allies believed that if they could control the Dardanelles then they would defeat the Turks of the Ottoman empire and open up a supply line to Russia.

  4. The Gallipoli Campaign (cont’d) • Gallipoli Campaign began in February 1915 • It turned into a stalemate • Allies gave up the campaign In December; after 250,000 casualties

  5. The Colonies are Attacked • Japan attacked and took over German colonial possessions in China and their Pacific Island colonies • The English and French attacked and obtained control of 3 of the 4 German colonies in Africa.

  6. Colonies are Attacked (cont’d)

  7. The Colonies Contribute to the War Effort • “The natives don’t want to supply any more men and we won’t get more by convincing them. If we really need new tirailleurs, we will have to recruit them forcibly, running the risk of a general revolt.” • “This African empire is poor in men but rich in products, so let us use its miserable population for food supply during the war and for post-war times!” -Governor-General Joost van Vollenhoven, French West Africa

  8. The Colonies contribute (cont’d) • The British and French recruited subjects from their colonies for the war • Fighting troops • Workers • Colonial subjects hoped that their wartime service would lead to their independence • “It is our duty to win their [the British] help by standing by them in their hour of need.” -Gandhi

  9. The Colonies Contribute (cont’d)

  10. America Joins the Fight • In 1917, the Germans announced that they would sink any ship in the waters around Britain • Policy is called unrestricted submarine warfare • Had already sank the Lusitania on May 1915, killed 1,198 including 128 Americans - Sank 3 more American ships

  11. America Joins the Fight (cont’d) • The Zimmerman Note: • Germany’s foreign secretary, Arthur Zimmerman wrote a telegram to Mexico officials stating that Germany would help Mexico re-conquer the land it had lost to the U.S. if it allied itself with Germany

  12. America Joins the Fight (cont’d) • On April 6, 1917, the U.S. declared war on Germany and entered World War I • War had began on July 1914

  13. Russia Withdraws from War • In March 1918, Russia made peace with Germany, withdrawing from the war • Civil unrest in Russia/internal problems • Russians refused to fight any more • Revolution in Russia

  14. Countries at War in 1918

  15. WWI is a Total War • Total war: countries devote all their resources to the war effort • Governments tell factories what to produce • Rationing: allow each person only a portion of resources. From food to metals and shoes. • Recruit women to work in factories and/or for the armed forces • Censor news about the war • Propaganda

  16. Total War Propaganda

  17. Create your own WWI propaganda poster • Convince men to enlist • Men in the homeland OR men from the colonies • Convince the public to save food/metal/other resource • Convince women to work in factories making tanks/ammunition or to be nurses for soldiers

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