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Origins of Zionism

Explore the historical origins of Zionism, tracing its evolution from the Enlightenment era to the rise of nationalism in Europe. Discover the key figures, events, and ideologies that shaped the movement, leading to the establishment of the World Zionist Organization and the First Zionist Congress in 1897.

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Origins of Zionism

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  1. Origins of Zionism Background, Sources, Responses

  2. Western Europe • Modernism=> • Secularization-Nationalism-Democracy • Emancipation for Jews => • Enlightenment, integration => Polarization versus ethnicity • 1979 Political Antisemitism

  3. Eastern Europe • Initial modernization only=> • Jews - Demographic-Economic Pressure (Pale of Settlement) • =>Emigration + Productivization • Secular-Hebrew Enlightenment • Social political radicalization • 1881 Pogroms

  4. Mutual influences + Links between East and West • Solidarity facing Immigration • Awareness of Problems in Emancipation • Solidarity beyond Religion • Facing Antisemitism

  5. New Response: Modern Jewish Nationalism • Political platforms for the Diaspora: • "Auto-Emancipation" Bund Territorialism Autonomism

  6. National Migration plans • Settlement endeavors • Baron Rothchild • Jewish Colonization Association (JCA)

  7. Transforming links to Eretz Israel • Modernization in the Old Yishuv • Messianism + Realistic goals • Secularization of Religious Link • Fore-Runners of Zionism Hess, Kalischer, Alkalai • Lovers of Zion • First + Second Aliyah (1882-1914)

  8. The establishment of the World Zionist Organization • Theodor (Benjamin Ze’ev) Herzl • The First Zionist Congress 1897

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