Elements of Film and Literature: A Comparative Study

1. Film Studies A. Beckingham English 11

2. Main Teaching Points Comparison: elements of film and literature Five formal elements of film

3. Elements of Literature vs. Film Film Literature Theme Character Setting Plot Narrative Point of View Tone Symbolism Theme Character Setting Plot Narrative Point of View Tone Symbolism Editing Mise-en-scene Cinematography Sound

4. Five Formal Elements of Film Editing The way in which the film is pieced together using techniques such as the cut, fade out, dissolve, and wipe. Mise-en-scene Everything that appears in a frame: sets, location, actors, props, lighting. Cinematography What is being filmed and how it is being filmed. Sound Three components of sound in film: dialogue, sound effects, and music. Narrative The story-telling of film. How is the story told?

5. Editing: vocabulary Frame: a still image from a film; 24 fps Shot: an uninterrupted take by a camera Take: one recording from ‘record’ to ‘stop’; a director will record multiple takes of the same shot until she gets what she wants Scene: single or multiple shots edited to present a piece of the story’s narrative, plot, and/or character development Sequence: a scene, or a series of scenes, that present a succession of related events that advance a distinct component of the story narrative, plot, and/or character dvelopment.

6. Editing: vocabulary

7. Editing: vocabularyCount the shots in the following two scenes. Where do you think one scene begins and the other ends? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCVHB7RlEAU

8. Editing The way in which the film is pieced together using techniques such as the cut, fade out, dissolve, and wipe. • Pieces the story together • Helps tell the story (e.g. duration of cuts) • Needs to maintain continuity

9. Editing: pieces the story together https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJhzjMMzVtM

10. Editing: pieces the story together https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yUR7JxDvwtU

11. Editing: helps to tell the story https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CuxeW1h8Hlg

12. Editing The way in which the film is pieced together using techniques such as the cut, fade out, dissolve, and wipe. • Pieces the story together • Helps tell the story (e.g. duration of cuts, montage, etc.) • Needs to maintain continuity

13. Editing: helps to tell the story https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pij5lihbC6k

14. Recap Five Formal Elements of Film - editing, mise-en-scene, cinematography, sound, narrative Editing The way in which the film is pieced together using techniques such as the cut, fade out, dissolve, and wipe. • Pieces the story together • Helps tell the story (e.g. duration of cuts, montage, etc.) • Needs to maintain continuity

15. Review: first class • What are the five formal elements of film? • Editing, mise-en-scene, cinematography, sound, narrative • Describe and name some of the developments in editing from ‘actualities’ to montage editing • The cut, multiple shot types (classical cutting), two shots juxtaposed to create new meaning (montage editing) • What three things does editing accomplish? • Pieces together shots, tells the story, maintains continuity • What was remarkable about Scott Pilgramvs The World in terms of editing? • Impressive transitions using creative ‘wipes’ (a type of cut)

16. Review:editing vocabularyCount the number of shots and the number of scenes in this sequence. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fYLpm7tEZiY

17. Five Formal Elements of Film Editing The way in which the film is pieced together using techniques such as the cut, fade out, dissolve, and wipe. Mise-en-scene Everything that appears in a frame: sets, location, actors, props, lighting. Cinematography What is being filmed and how it is being filmed. Sound Three components of sound in film: dialogue, sound effects, and music. Narrative The story-telling of film. How is the story told?

18. Mise-en-scene Everything that appears in a frame: sets, location, actors, props, lighting. • Major consideration: composition and blocking • Can be realistic or abstract • Contributed to by production designers, make-up artists, set builders, cinematographers, actors, etc. • Everything on screen has a purpose • Help to tell the story

19. Mise-en-scene: Major consideration: composition and blocking- the rule of thirds is applicable in three dimensions, what are they?- how does what the subject is doing affect balance (two types of ‘room’)- how does negative space help tell the story?- how is relative size and distance used symbolically? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyJFeY0GBQw

20. Mise-en-scene: Major consideration: composition and blocking • the rule of thirds is applicable in three dimensions, what are they? • how does what the subject is doing affect balance (two types of ‘room’) • how does negative space help tell the story? • how is relative size and distance used symbolically? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyJFeY0GBQw

21. Mise-en-scene: Composition telling a story- What techniques are highlighted?- How does composition tell a story?- What is composition ‘best at’?- What is primal and artificial control in a composition? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvLQJReDhic

22. Mise-en-scene: Composition telling a story - What techniques are highlighted?- How does composition tell a story?- What is composition ‘best at’?- What is primal and artificial control in a composition? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvLQJReDhic

23. Mise-en-scene: Setting- how would you define ‘expressionistic’ setting? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1NjtbXnzRXw

24. Recap Five Formal Elements of Film - editing, mise-en-scene, cinematography, sound, narrative Mise-en-scene Everything that appears in a frame: sets, location, actors, props, lighting. • Major consideration: composition and blocking • Can be realistic or abstract • Contributed to by production designers, make-up artists, set builders, cinematographers, actors, etc. • Everything on screen has a purpose • Help to tell the story