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This is English unit31. A New Job. Session 1. Activity 1 Grammar. vocabulary. employ( 雇佣 )-employ er ( 雇主 )-employ ee ( 员工 ) dependent( 依赖的 )- in dependent( 独立的 ) hard- working garden-garden ing success ful hope ful out doors – in doors allow( 准许 )-allow ance ( 津贴 )
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This is English unit31 A New Job
Session 1 • Activity 1 • Grammar
vocabulary • employ(雇佣)-employer(雇主)-employee(员工) • dependent(依赖的)-independent(独立的) • hard-working • garden-gardening • successful hopeful • outdoors –indoors • allow(准许)-allowance(津贴) • elder(年长的)-elderly(年老的)-friendly(友好的)
Activity 1 words and phrases • decide to do “决定做某事” • give up sth/ doing sth:放弃… • be fed up with sth:对…厌倦 • career:职业,工作 • agree with sb:同意某人的意见 • such as “如…” • free lunch免费午餐;paid holiday带薪假期 • get on with +sb./sth.“和某人相处得愉快/某事进展顺利”
look for +名词,“寻找” • talk about sth. with sb. “和某人谈论某事”talk to sb about sth. • agree with +sb. “同意某人” • resign 辞职 • take action “采取行动” • look at sb./sth.“看着某人或某物” • advertisement:广告 • pick out +sth.“选出”,
write out “写出”,如:I wrote out an advertisement. • apply for +sth. “申请” • help sb. with sth. “帮助某人某事” • be worried about sth. “担心某事”,这里about表示“关于”,再如:talk about,tell about,think about • lack of sth. “缺乏某物”,这里lack是名词
Worry的用法 p152 • be worried + about…… be worried是系表结构短语,这里worried是形容词,意思是“担心的”,+about表示“为…担心” • John is ill. I am worried about him. • Sth.+ worry +直接宾语 • worry作vt. “使烦恼、使担忧”一般跟表示人的代词或名词 • This problem worries me a lot.这个问题让我很烦。 worry作n. 意为“烦恼的事”
activity2 • get on well with • talked about • apply for • wrote out • give • looked at 7. look for 8. picked out 9. fed up with 10. agree with 11. helped 12. worried about
activity3 • advertisement 广告 • salary:工资 wage • international国际的 • fluent流利的 He speaks English fluently. • experience经验 • allowance补贴
residential home:养老院 • seek- look for:寻找 The boss has to seek a secretary to help him. • be interested in sth/ doing sth • I am interested in English. • shift work: 工作时间不定 • opportunity- chance :机会 • You should catch the opportunity in time.
activity5 • looking for, thought of • hear from, worked in • forget about • find out, write to • look after
代词you用于泛指 在广告中,人称代词you多用于泛指任何人。例如: • Which job gives you the most holiday? • Which advertisement offers you free meals? • You can phone to find out more about the job. • I this job you look after elderly people.
activity6 • have to: 不得不 don’t have to:不必 • have to do / be I have to finish my work on time. She has to look after her mother. • 将以上两个句子变成否定句: I don’t have to finish my work on time. She doesn’t have to look after her mother.
Session 2 Activity 8 • qualification 资格 • interest 兴趣爱好 • skill 技能 • employment history 工作经历 • referee 证明人
在简历中有很多部分只写短语,不用写句子,但是要注意写法,有的用“名词+介词+名词/doing”结构,要记住搭配:在简历中有很多部分只写短语,不用写句子,但是要注意写法,有的用“名词+介词+名词/doing”结构,要记住搭配: • eight years’ experience of managing • ability to manage • good at helping customers
activity10 • be good at…擅长于 She is good at English. • be fluent in…能流利地说… I am fluent in French. • be familiar with…熟悉… They are familiar with my friend. • be keen on热心…的;对…有兴趣; She's keen on sailing.
be worried about …烦恼, 忧虑, Don't worry about trifles. • be responsible for…对…负责 Mary is responsible for the job. • have experience in…在…方面有经验 I have experience in marketing. • have a certificate in…证(明)书, 执照, 文凭 He has have a certificate in accountancy.
be patient with…对…有耐心 Parents are patient with their children. • be interested in…对…负责 Mary is interested in the job. • have interest in…兴趣; 关心; 权利;利息; I have interest in marketing. • have knowledge of…在…方面有经验;知识, She has a good knowledge of London.
Session 3 • Activity 15-20 • Grammar
Activity15(extract3) 与动词、名词或形容词连用的介词在疑问句中的位置 • 在特殊疑问句中,与动词、名词或形容的介词一般紧随与其连用的相应动词、名词或形容词之后。例如: • What are they interested in? (形容词+介词) • What has he got experience in? (名词+介词) • Who were you talking about? (动词+介词) • What are you worried about? (动词+介词)
activity17 • What are you listening to? • Who are you talking to? • What are you interested in? • Who are you worried about? • Which company did you write to? • Which advertisement did you pick out? • Which employee did you speak to? • Who did you hear from?
activity18 • What did she forget about? • Who is he looking after? • Who did you hear from? • Who does he agree with? • Who have you written to? • What’s Jack responsible for?
Focus of unit31 • 语法: • 动词worry的用法 • 代词 you 用于泛指 • 与动词、名词、形容词连用的介词在特殊疑问句中的位置
Session 1 • Activity 1 • Grammar
Activity 1 • discuss vt. discussion n. discuss with sb.和某人谈话 • suggest vt. suggestion n.建议,使想起, 暗示 (常与that连用)提议;提出;建议 eg.I suggested that it would be quicker to travel by train. • contact n. vt.接触, 联系 be in contact with和...接触, 有联系 • budget n.预算 vi.做预算, 编入预算 budget for 为…编制预算
opportunity n.机会, 时机 chance • sketch n.略图, 草图, 概略, 梗概, 拟定 vi.绘略图, 勾画 draft • dull 笨的; 单调的 dull person 愚笨的人 a dull speech 单调乏味的讲话 • burgle v.偷窃,入室行窃 burglar夜贼
Grammar 动词不定式的用法 ___ 表示目的
动词不定式表示目的 • 动词不定式可用来表示目的, 相当于in order to eg: I come here to find her.(我来这里是为了找她。) I went to Paris to discuss the changes. • 记住下面句型,也可用来表示目的: enough+名词+to+动词; enough+名词+for+名词/动名词;
enough的用法 • enough作副词用时,意为“充分地;足够地”,通常要把它放在所修饰的形容词、副词或动词的后面,常与不定式或介词for连用。 如: Is the river deep enough for swimming? 河水够深来游泳吗? • enough作形容词,意为“充足的;足够的”,在句中可作定语或表语。作定语时,一般放在它所修饰的名词前面。如: 1. I have enough money to buy a colour TV set. 我有足够的钱买台彩电。 2. Fifteen minutes is enough time for you to have a coffee. 15分钟够你喝杯咖啡了。 • enough也可作代词用,意为“充分;足够”。 如:I have had enough, thank you. 谢谢你,我吃饱了。
Session 2 • Grammar 被动语态 see sb do sth / see sb doing sth instead
被动语态的构成 The door was opened. be 动词 过去分词
被动语态 • 定义:被动语态,即不知道动作执行者或强调动作承受者的一种语态。 • 句型:主语+be的各种时态+过去分词(+by+施动者) • 当主动语态要被改成被动的时候,我们把原句的宾语提前,作为该句的主语,主语后置,作为宾语。但是,有一点要注意,不及物动词由于不加宾语,没有被动形式,但不及物动词如果与某些介词构成介词短语,可以用被动。 例如:The fire had been put out before the fireman arrived. Put是不即物动词,但put out是及物动词
被动语态 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,或者动作的执行者不是人的时候。 例如:Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) Thisbookwaspublishedin1981. 这本书出版于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。 例如: ThewindowwasbrokenbyMike. 窗户是迈克打破的。 Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim. 这本书是他写的 。
主动语态变为被动的几个特殊情况 : ① 有些动词在主动结构中,后面接不带to的不定式,但如果改为被动,则需把省略的to加上,这类动词有hear, watch, make, help, let等 如:The boss made my grandfather work 10hours a day. 改成:My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day. ② 不是所有的主动句都可以变换成被动句,更不是所有的被动句都可以自由变换成主动句。虽然语法原则上允许主动和被动句的互相转换,但有的句子转换后会变成不通顺或不地道的英语句子。
see sb. do sth. / see sb. doing sth. • see sb do sth,表示看见某人作某事的全过程。 • see sb doing sth,表示看见某人作某事的一部分,不是全过程。 eg: I saw him loading \ load the van. • 与see用法相同的动词还有: feel, watch, hear, listen to, observe等这些感官动词,但有时—ing形式和—do形式意思区别不大。 eg: I heard him singing in the next room. I heard him sing in the next room.
instead • Instead 可以代替句子中的短语或分句,含有“不是……而是……”的含义,表示应该做而没有做。 • instead 若是与名词或者动名词连用时要加上介词of • Instead of meeting Mary, Tim went straight home. • He was supposed to meet marry after work instead of staying at home.
Session 3 • Activity 15 • 直接引语和间接引语
直接引语和间接引语 1、什么叫直接引语? 直接引用当事人所说的语句,忠实于原文,不作任何改变,一般情况下我们用引号分开。如: “All the reactionaries are paper tigers”, said Chairman Mao. 2、什么叫间接引语? 间接引用当事人所说的语句,即用我们的角度来引用别人在那个时候所说的语句,其时态、时间状语、人称均要根据我们的需要加以变换。如: Chairman Mao Zhedong said he would go to Chongqing to negotiate with Jiang Jieshi about peace in China.
例句: “I have been to Beiing before”, said Liping. Liping said that he had been to Beijing before. “What are you doing?”, the man asked me. The man asked me what I was doing. “Will he visit Nanjing tomorrow?”, she wants to know. She wants to know if he will visit Nanjing the next day
直接引语变间接引语的时态: 引用别人过去说的话,直接引语的时态变成间接引语后,间接引语的时态作如下变化: 注:如我们引用的别人的语句是自然界真理或是公认的道理,原语句时态不变。如: ‘The flowers grow out in spring.’ our teacher told us. Our teacher told us the flowers grow out in spring. 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 如:“ I will play basketball|”, he said to me. He said to me he would play basketball just now.
时间状语变化: now today tonight this morning/week tomorrow yesterday last month then that day that night that morning/week the following day/the next day the day before the month before eg: “I was in another place at that time yesterday”. The suspect said The suspect said that he had been in another place at that time the day before.
主语变化: 主语和引语动作主语是同一个人的要从我们引用人的角度使用主语。 如:“Iread the newspaper.” said Mr Wu. Mr Wu said thathe had read the newspaper. 主语和引语主语不是同一人时,间接引语主语一般不变 如:“The thiefis running away”,said Mrs Ma. Mrs Ma said that the thiefwas running away.
特殊疑问句和一般疑问句的间接引语: 1。将特殊疑问句的语序改为陈述句语序,问号改句号。 如:“where is the body?”asked the policeman. “who is the murderer?” she asked. The policeman asked where the body was She asked who the murderer was 2。一般疑问句的前面加if 或whether,其一般疑问句语序改为陈述句语序,问号改句号 如:“Does he know the victim ?” I asked “was there more than one attacker?” Millie asked Detective Liu I asked if he knew the victim Millie asked Detective Liu if there had been more than one attacter.
Focus for This Unit • 动词不定式表示目的 enough+名词+to+动词; enough+名词+for+名词/动名词 • 被动语态 构成:be +done see sb do sth / see sb doing sth instead • 直接引语和间接引语