Personal and Community Health

1. Personal and Community Health Reviews 12 and 13 (Unit 6)

2. Daily Catalyst- Wednesday • Information: Carrying capacity is how big a population can become based on the limiting factors affecting it. • Scenario: A scientist grew a population of paramecia in a 500 mL beaker. The scientist’s estimates of the population over the two weeks are shown. • Question: Between what 2 days did the paramecium population first reach the carrying capacity of the environment?

3. Life Expectancy • Study conducted in 2007 • Children from the Southern United States born in 1999 had a lower life expectancy than children born in 1980 • Why?

4. Poor health decisions

5. Step 1: Staying fit • Young people under the age of 18 should get at least an hour of exercise each day • For at least 3 days that week, the exercise should be vigorous (140 beats/minute)

6. Types of exercise Aerobic and Strength training Increases the amount ------------- Good for your muscle tissue of oxygen your heart pumps and blood sugar maintenance

7. Exercise Break! • Yoga’s not just for hippies

8. Thought Question • Where and how can you get an hour’s worth of exercise daily?

9. Step 2: Eating a proper diet • In Louisiana, nearly 30% of adults have become obese with body mass indices (BMI) of 30 or greater • BMI= (weight in pounds x 703)/(height in inches)2

10. What does “proper diet” mean? • Each person uses a specific amount of food energy to get through the day • The amount varies with your weight, body composition (the proportions of muscle and fat to your total weight), gender and activity level

11. Calorie Calculators • You can quantify your energy needs with these • http://www.mypyramid.gov/mypyramid/index.aspx

12. Use the internet to figure out how many calories are in… • 1 large apple • 1 peanut butter and jelly sandwich • 1 fast-food burrito • 16 oz of non-diet soda • How many meals of a burrito and a soda does it take to exceed your calorie needs for one day? • How many hot chips are in one serving of hot chips? • How many grapes are in one serving of grapes?

13. Lowest calorie foods • Foods with low fat, low in sugar, simple and natural have the lowest calories • Portion size is also important

14. Major food groups • Grains- 1/3 – ½ of your calories • Meat and beans- 1/3 of your calories • Milk- needed for calcium (but sparingly) • Fats and Oils- at most 20% of your calories • Fruits and vegetables- at least 5 servings a day

15. Thought Question • Based on your calorie needs, design a nutritious meal plan for a day.

16. Step 3: Sleep • About 40% of school-aged children and young adults don’t get enough sleep • Average teen needs about 8.5-9.25 hours of sleep each night

17. How to get enough sleep? • Have a regular bedtime that allows you enough sleep, and stick to it. • Remove all distractions in your bedroom, reduce noise and light pollution. • Get adequate exercise during the day, but wind down in the hours before bedtime.

18. Thought Question • How can you organize your time so that you can get to bed early enough? How can you arrange your sleep area so that it’s dark and quiet enough for you to fall asleep easily?

19. Step 4: Stress Management • Don’t take on more than you can handle. • Budget your time. • Ask for help. • Get enough sleep and exercise.

20. Thought Question • Name two ways you can reduce stress in your life.

21. Step 5: Good hygiene and regular check-ups • Brush teeth twice a day/floss once • Wash hands often with soap and warm water

22. Four basic components of health maintenance are • Sleep, diet, exercise and stress-management • Motivation, diet, exercise, and stress • Sleep, vegetables, aerobic exercise, and stress • Calories, vegetables, exercise and rest

23. Aerobic exercise is best described as • Sustained exercise that lowers the heart rate • Sustained exercise that raises the heart rate • Exercise that includes weight lifting and softball-playing • Short bursts of intense activity

24. How much sleep does an average teen need per night? • 5-7.5 hours • 8-10.5 hours • 8.5-9.25 hours • There is no average number

25. For how long should a teen exercise each day? • 15 minutes • 30 minutes • 60 minutes • 90 minutes

26. Valerie has a BMI of 26. What is a BMI, and what does Valerie’s mean? • BMI stands for “body-mass index” and is a ratio of weight and height. Valerie’s BMI means she is slightly overweight. • BMI stands for “body-muscle index” and is a ratio of muscle mass to height. Valerie’s BMI means she is probably a weight-lifter. • BMI stands for “balanced mind initiative” and is a way of reducing stress. Valerie’s BMI shows she has made good progress in reducing the level of stress in her life. • BMI stands for “basal metabolic inquiry” and is a way of measuring how fast the body burns calories. Valerie’s BMI means she will probably not develop diabetes.

27. Daily Catalyst- Thursday • Information: Bonobos and chimps are genetically equidistant from humans. The traditional model of human sexuality asserts that humans evolved from chimps. • Scenario: Chimps are violent and aggressive. They do not pair-bond and copulate just for mating purposes. However, bonobos are kind and friendly. They copulate for a variety of reasons beyond mating and raise their young as a community. • Questions: • If it’s true that chimps are humans’ direct ancestors, what kinds of behavioral adaptations would have allowed us to evolve? • Do you think it’s possible humans evolved their sexuality from bonobos instead of chimps? Explain your reasoning. • Most people believe humans are naturally-included toward monogamy, however humans are the only apes that do so. Where do you think this idea came from and do you agree? Explain.