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FOUNDATIONS OF COUNSELING

FOUNDATIONS OF COUNSELING. By Sr.Rekha.

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FOUNDATIONS OF COUNSELING

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  1. FOUNDATIONS OF COUNSELING By Sr.Rekha

  2. The theory and practice of counseling has drawn insights from other disciplines, including philosophy, psychology, sociology, and the other social sciences. These disciplines have provided both data and comprehensive hypotheses that counselors have used to clarify the theoretical structures underlying the whole counseling process. Generally, there are three foundations to counseling theory: • Philosophical Foundations • Sociological Foundations • Psychological Foundations

  3. Philosophical Foundations • In a healthy personality the individual has a realistic perception of himself; he knows what he wants and how much he wants it. • A goal of counseling is to help individuals to reach their maximum potential, which can occur only when they develop consistent philosophical outlooks. • Psychologists have often argued that philosophy has no place in the scientific study of human behavior. However, May (1967) points out that every scientific method rests on philosophical presuppositions.

  4. Different Philosophical Positions • Belief in the dignity and worth of theIndividual: • One theme is found consistently in the literature discussing the philosophy of counseling: belief in the dignity and worth of the individual, in the recognition of the individual’s freedom in determining his own values and goals, and in the client’s right to pursue his own life-style • A number of beliefs have emerged from Western civilization philosophies. These beliefs center on the concept of individualism. Its first aspect is the importance accorded the individual. • Thus, in Western culture a counselor is encouraged to help the client to become more independent, more autonomous.

  5. Arbuckle’s (1975) Philosophical Model about a responsible and free individual: • A responsible and free individual is one who has narrowed the gap between attitudes and behaviors; the literal meaning of freedom and responsibility changes as the culture changes; and a responsible individual is one who has no need to impose himself or his ideas on others.

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