End of WWI

1. End of WWI STUDY for Quiz Packets today - Presentation of Findings Reenactments (if time)

2. Handout Questions • Describe the hardships of the Russian Army Didn’t have enough weapons, told to take weapons off dead bodies, weren’t prepared • Why did the March Revolution occur? Shortage of bread, large casualties from war, people were unhappy with the government • Why did Czar Nicholas II step down? No longer had support of the army or of aristocrats (wealthy class) • Who was Kerensky, why did he decide to stay in the War? Leader of the provisional (temporary) government; preserve Russia’s honor

3. What treaty did Lenin sign to end Russia’s part in WWI? What was the effect? Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 1918, signed with Germany, pulled Russia out of war but gave up territory to the Germans • What effect did Russia’s withdrawal have? Allowed Germany to fully attack Western Front because there was no more Eastern Front. ANGERED the Allies. • What did the Germans do after Russia pulled out of the war? Attacked the Western Front in full force, but lost.

4. What weapons played a role in ending the war? Tanks - caused large casualties • What was the “main factor” in the Allie’s victory? Why? The US joining in April 1917, fresh troops and gave a “psychological boost” • What happened in Germany November 11, 1918? Social Democrats kicked out Kaiser Wilhelm II; armistice 1918 (peace agreement)

5. List goals of “Fourteen Points” and enemies of liberty according to Wilson. Just and lasting peace, open (not secret) agreements, reduce military, and self-determination (people have right to have their own nation) • What were the separate goals of Britain and France at the Paris Peace conference? Britain - make Germans pay, France - national security and revenge against Germany.

6. What did Wilson want to create to prevent war? When was it created and what compromises did Wilson make and why? League of Nations (a world organization) Jan 25 1919. Compromised on territory because he thought the League could fix anything unfair later • What was the German’s opinion of the Treaty of Versailles? Why? What territory was “returned” to France? Too harsh because of “War Guilt Clause”, Article 231: ordered reparations, reduce army, and give back Alsace and Lorraine; Rhineland was made a “demilitarized” zone and stripped of all military

7. What system referred to nations governing new territory after WWI? Mandate system • Chart of new territory Austria-Hungary: Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia,Yugoslavia, Romania Russia: Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland Ottoman Empire: Turkey Germany: lost Rhineland territory (between Germany and France) and Alsace-Lorraine Balkans: Bulgaria gave up land to Romania Mandates in ME: France -- Lebanon and Syria Britain -- Iraq and Palestine

9. For Tuesday • Quiz over notes today • Perform reenactments • MUST HAVE SCRIPT TODAY with list of props to make / use • Turn in

10. Maps! • Cut out and paste Middle East maps on page 86 • Cut out and paste the Europe maps on page 86 • TRACE in color the “old” boundaries on the before WWI maps THEN the “new” mandates or countries on the after WWI maps

14. Population and Nation Changes • Thousands of Jews migrated to the area today known as Israel, after WWI it was Palestine • Motivated by Zionism • Jewish movement that began in the late 19th century to reestablish a Jewish homeland in the territory of Palestine