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Animal Behavior

Animal Behavior. In Review. Nature versus Nurture. Behavior – action that can be observed and described. Genetic influence Lovebirds, snakes, snails and human experiments Nervous and endocrine systems are both responsible for the coordination of body systems

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Animal Behavior

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  1. Animal Behavior In Review

  2. Nature versus Nurture • Behavior – action that can be observed and described. • Genetic influence • Lovebirds, snakes, snails and human experiments • Nervous and endocrine systems are both responsible for the coordination of body systems • Studies support the idea that certain types of behavior have genetic basis

  3. Nature versus Nurture • Environmental influences (nurture) • Learning: durable change in behavior brought about by experience. • Laughing gull chicks pecking behavior • Imprinting- sensitive period • Song learning with white crowned sparrows • Associative learning – change in behavior that involves an association between two events • Classical conditioning - Pavlov, 2 types of stimulus • Operant conditioning – Skinner, stimulus/response • Insight, imitation, and habituation

  4. Adaptive mating behavior • Sexual selection – adaptive changes to secure a mate • Fitness – ability to produce offspring • Female choice – based on genes and survival or investment for offspring? • Male competition – • Cost (competition) benefit (mating) analyses • This all applies to Humans too!

  5. Sociobiology and animal behavior • Living in groups has a great reproductive benefit than cost • Ad: Avoid predators, rear offspring, find food • Disad: access to food, shelter, sickness

  6. Altruism • Altruism – behavior that has potential to decrease reproductive success of altruist to benefit the reproductive success of another. • Inclusive fitness – personal reproductive success and reproductive success of relatives • Reciprocal altruism – making a minimal short term reproductive sacrifice in order to maximize future reproductive potential

  7. Communication • Action by a sender that may influence the behavior of a receiver. • Chemical – pheromones, anytime of day • Auditory – fast, night or day, can be modified (length, pitch…) Language • Visual – restricted to daytime • Tactile – grooming, waggle dance of bees

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