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Persistent Organic Pollutants in Marine Ecosystems

Learn about the types of PoPs, toxicity, associated issues, and major problems like PCBs in this informative guide. Explore the impacts of these pollutants on marine life and the environment.

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Persistent Organic Pollutants in Marine Ecosystems

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  1. Persistent Organic Pollutants in Marine Ecosystems

  2. PoPs in Swedish Breast Milk

  3. HalogenatedAromatic Hydrocarbons Chlorine Bromine Fluorine

  4. Types of PoP • Pesticides • Industrial Chemicals • By-Products

  5. Toxicity of PoPs • Related to structure • Related to ‘most toxic substance’ • 2,3,7,8 tetrachloro dibenzo dioxin • Toxicity Equivalent - TEQ • Relative Factor of 1 for 2,3,7,8 TCDD

  6. Dioxins/Furans • 75 individual chlorinated dioxins • 135 individual chlorinated furans • Very stable & bind to soils and sediment

  7. Associated Issues • Bioaccumulation – Biomagnification • Loss of higher predators • Adverse impacts on marine food chains • Fish eating – Gt Lakes of North America, Baltic & North Sea • Birth defects, reduced aptitude in new born babies • Endocrine Disruption

  8. pcwww.liv.ac.uk/aquabiol/BIOL202_Web/

  9. PCBs – Major Problems • Baltic Sea & North Sea • Gt Lakes of North America • Hudson River • Local “difficulties” : • Mersey Estuary & Liverpool Bay

  10. Poly Chlorinated Biphenyls • 209 Compounds - ca 100 in env • Highly inert • Introduced 1930s • Discovered in environment 1966 by Jensen in Sweden during analysis for DDT • 750,000 tonnes manufactured

  11. Poly Chlorinated Biphenyls • Banned by USEPA in new uses in 1979 • Manufacture completely banned in 1984

  12. Poly Chlorinated Biphenyls • Technical Mixtures • Arochlor 1242 • Arochlor 1254 • Arochlor 1262

  13. PCBs

  14. Flame Retardents • Polybrominated diphenyl ethers

  15. Impacts of tissue residues Endocrine Disruption

  16. Intersex Flounder Intersex Mersey Male Flounder Gonad

  17. Endocrine Disruption • Molluscs –– TBT - IMPOSEX

  18. Nucella

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