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CHAPTER 22 VICTIMS OF ABUSE AND VIOLENCE

CHAPTER 22 VICTIMS OF ABUSE AND VIOLENCE. Objectives. Discuss disorders affecting a patient’s mental/emotional health Categorize drugs used for mental health disorders based on their classifications and drug actions

joelle-daugherty
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CHAPTER 22 VICTIMS OF ABUSE AND VIOLENCE

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  1. CHAPTER 22 VICTIMS OF ABUSE AND VIOLENCE

  2. Objectives • Discuss disorders affecting a patient’s mental/emotional health • Categorize drugs used for mental health disorders based on their classifications and drug actions • Discuss nursing management for clients with identified mental health issues utilizing the nursing process. • Formulate a teaching plan for a client with a mental health condition

  3. Abuse Within the Family • Child abuse • Spousal/domestic violence • Sexual abuse • Elder abuse • Any of these can include violence, emotional abuse, or neglect

  4. Violence • We are all exposed to violence regularly from news stories • Road rage, school shootings, and terrorism are unfortunately no longer rare

  5. Characteristics of Abusers • Have usually been abused himself/herself • Usually know their “victims” • Have low self-esteem and a need for power • Often alcohol or drug dependent • May be parents of an unwanted child or child with special needs • Could have brain dysfunction, genetic predisposition

  6. Characteristics of Victims/Survivors • Dependent or codependent-type personality • Low self-esteem • Relies on abuser • Physically • Financially • Emotionally • “For the children”

  7. General Signs to Suspect Abuse • Bruising/bleeding in unexpected areas • Unexplained, recurrent injuries • Absence from work/school • Withdrawal from friends/social activities • Frequent bladder infections • Physical abnormalities • Frequent visits to the Emergency Department • Fear of partner/caretaker • Self-blame for abuser’s actions

  8. Child Abuse • Can include physical, emotional, sexual, neglect • The most vulnerable victims • Ages birth to 2 years have highest death rate

  9. Clicker Question 1. Which child is most likely to be a victim of child abuse? A. Baby of the family B. Autistic child C. Teenager who admits to breaking rules D. None of the above

  10. Answer Correct answer: B Rationale: Parent susceptible to being abuser may be more frustrated by continuing demands of an autistic child.

  11. Sexual Abuse • Violent or nonviolent sexual contact or sexual activity that is not wanted by the receiver • Abuser usually knows victim • Includes rape, incest, sexual harassment

  12. Domestic Violence • May be called spousal or intimate partner abuse • Can include physical, emotional, sexual, and economic abuse • More often women are victims, but men can also be victims • Cycle of Abuse includes: tension building, battering incident, honeymoon

  13. Elder Abuse • Can include physical, emotional, sexual, and economic • Abuser is usually in a caregiver role (e.g., hired caregiver, family) • Victim is often dependent on abuser • Victim reports of abuse may be ignored

  14. Treatment of Abusers • Access to specialized counseling • Respite care • Support groups • Anger management • Parenting skills

  15. Treatment of Victims • Support to acknowledge the abuse and stop the cycle of abuse • Resources to ensure safety for self, children, and pets • Individual and group therapy with specialists to treat type of abuse • Medications for anxiety, depression

  16. Nursing Interventions • Ensure safety for the person and those in his/her care as well as yourself • Know your own thoughts/feelings about abuse • You may be caring for both the abuser and the survivor • Be nonjudgmental/show empathy • Know your agency policy • Educate yourself on specific interventions for each type of abuse

  17. Clicker Question 2. What is your first action if you suspect your patient has been abused? A. Call the police B. Call the physician C. Ensure patient is safe from potential abuser D. Wait to gather more information before acting

  18. Answer Correct answer: C Rationale: Ensuring patient safety is always the first intervention. The other ones may be appropriate given a specific situation but would not be your first action.

  19. Advocacy • Community programs for victims/survivors • Volunteer advocacy programs • Nurses are mandatory reporters for child abuse • Know laws in your state regarding mandatory reporting of other types of abuse • LPNs/LVNs can serve as volunteers for abuse cases or may be employed by community agencies

  20. List three factors that contribute to parents abusing their children.

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