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Seismology Essentials: Understanding Sources, Waves, Location, and Magnitude

Delve into the fundamentals of seismology covering topics such as seismic sources, wave types, location techniques, magnitude determination, focal mechanisms, and more within the discipline. Explore the terminology, notation, and principles crucial in studying earthquakes effectively.

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Seismology Essentials: Understanding Sources, Waves, Location, and Magnitude

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Summary of seismology component of the course • Sources • Waves • Location • Magnitude/Intensity • Focal mechanisms • Other topics

  2. Sources • source models • Double couple forces • Moment tensors

  3. Waves • Notation (teleseisms) P, S = mantle phases K = outer core P wave I,(J) = inner core P and S c = reflection from the outer core pP, sP = reflections from the earth surface near the source (Lower case = reflection) PKP = P wave in mantle, outer core, mantle PcP = Mantle phase reflected from the outer core

  4. Waves • Notation (local) • Pg • Pn • P* • Near field / Far field

  5. Location • General principles • Station corrections • depth control

  6. Magnitude and Intensity • Mw, Mwp, ML, Mb, etc. • Intensity scales

  7. Focal Mechanisms Fault Plane Solutions of Earthquakes, Northeast India Kayal et al., 2006

  8. Other topics • Hazards and damaging effects, • prediction and forecasting, • instruments, networks, arrays, etc.

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