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Building a German Empire

Building a German Empire. Chapter 7 Section 1. 1800s: German speaking people lived... small and medium sized states Prussia Austrian Hapsburg Empire. Steps Toward Unity. Napoleon Raids 1806-1812, important territorial changes Annexed lands along the Rhine River for France

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Building a German Empire

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  1. Building a German Empire Chapter 7 Section 1

  2. 1800s: German speaking people lived... • small and medium sized states • Prussia • Austrian Hapsburg Empire

  3. Steps Toward Unity • Napoleon Raids • 1806-1812, important territorial changes • Annexed lands along the Rhine River for France • Dissolved Holy Roman Empire • Organized German states into Rhine Confederation

  4. Steps Toward Unity

  5. Napoleon in Germany Pros Cons • Enlightened and modern policies • Encouraged free serfs • Made trade easier • Abolished laws against Jews • German Unification lacking • Under French rule

  6. Aftermath of Napoleon • Napoleon defeated • German Confederation • Weak alliance headed by Austria • 1830s, Russia called for economic union • Zollverein • Dismantled tariff barriers between many German states • WHAT IS A TARIFF? • Germany still fragmented • F. William IV of Prussia offered throne • Rejected

  7. Bismarck Unites Germany • Otto von Bismarck • From Prussia Junker class • Conservative, landowning nobles • 1st diplomat • Then Prime Minister • Chancellor (highest official of a monarch) • William I = the monarch

  8. Blood and Iron • Bismarck – strong will • Realpolitik • Realistic politics based on the needs to the state • Not a real German nationalist • Loyalty to Hohenzollerns, or ruling class, of Prussia

  9. Bismarck (1862) Blood and Iron Speech • Prussian legislators waited restlessly for Otto von Bismarck to speak. He wanted them to vote for more money to build up the army. Liberal members opposed the move. Bismarck rose and dismissed their concerns “Germany does not look to Prussia’s liberalism, but to her power...the great questions of the day are not to be decided by speeches and majority resolutions—that was the mistake of 1848 and 1849—but by blood and iron!”

  10. Army and War • Built up Prussian army despite liberals • Used money allocated for other things • Three Wars • 1864: Alliance with Austria • Seized land from Denmark • 1866: Attacked Austria • Persian victory • Persian control over several north German states • 1870: Franco Prussian War • Persian victory over Napoleon III in France • Humiliating defeat

  11. German Empire • William I took title of Kaiser • “Emperor” • January 1871: German nationals celebrated 2nd Reich (empire) • Believe to be the heir to Holy Roman Empire • Two-house legislature

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