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Introduction to ANIMAL SCIENCE

Objectives: List 5 functions of domestic animals; Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals; Define appropriate terminology related to animals; and Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. List major types & uses of each species of livestock

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Introduction to ANIMAL SCIENCE

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  1. Objectives: • List 5 functions of domestic animals; • Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals; • Define appropriate terminology related to animals; and • Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. • List major types & uses of each species of livestock • List & describe benefits of animal agriculture • Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Introduction to ANIMAL SCIENCE

  2. A. List 4 functions of domestic animals Why do we CHOOSE to have animals?

  3. A. List 4 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals:1-Food • Meat • Eggs • Milk • Honey

  4. A. List 4 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals:2- Clothing • Wool • Leather • Hair/Fur • Feathers

  5. A. List 4 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals:3-Power • Horses, Mules, Donkeys, Burros • Llamas, Alpacas • Oxen, Water buffalo, reindeer, yak, camels

  6. A. List 4 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals:4- Recreation & Companionship • Pleasure Horses • Purebred Herds and Flocks • Livestock Exhibitions, Shows, Rodeos • Horse Racing

  7. A. List 4 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals:5- Service • Guide dogs for blind • Police Dogs • Rescue Dogs • Therapy animals

  8. B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Terms: Wild Animal Not GENETICALLY altered by artificial selection for use by humans. • Genetically & Behaviorally Wild

  9. B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Terms: Domestic Animal • an animal that has been genetically altered from the original wild species for use by humans through ARTIFICIAL SELECTION • Genetically Domestic • Behaviorally= domestic

  10. B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Terms: Tame Wild Animal • a wild animal that, through intervention of man, has adapted BEHAVIORALLY so as to be useful to humans. • Genetically=Wild • Behaviorally=Domestic

  11. B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Terms: Feral Animal • a DOMESTIC animal that lives in the WILD with no human assistance • Genetically=Domestic • Behaviorally= Wild

  12. B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Requirements for animals to be “domesticated” 1. The animal is VALUED and has PURPOSE 2. The animal’s BREEDING is subject to human control. 3. The animal’s SURVIVAL depends upon humans. 4. The animal’s BEHAVIOR (psychology) is changed in domestication. 5. STRUCTURAL characteristics have appeared which occur rarely if at all in the wild.

  13. B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Domestication Assignment • In groups, research the domestication of the animal assigned. Prepare a 2-3 minute explanation for the class on your assigned species. • Answer the following questions: • When & where was the animal domesticated? • What animals were used for the creation of the domestic species? • Who brought the first animals to America? When? • What is their original purpose? • Describe the current industry of the species. (breeds, types, etc) • Cattle • Swine • Sheep • Goats • Horses • Poultry • Dogs • Cats • Rabbits • Llama?

  14. C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. European Cattle *Genus/Species: Bos Taurus *Baby: Calf *Young Male: Bullock *Young Female: Heifer (until 1st calf is born) *Castrated Male: Steer *Mature Male: Bull *Mature Female: Cow *Group: Herd

  15. C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Indian Cattle *Genus/Species: BosIndicus *Baby: Calf *Young Male: Bullock *Young Female: Heifer (until 1st calf is born) *Castrated Male: Steer *Mature Male: Bull *Mature Female: Cow *Group: Herd

  16. C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Sheep *Genus/Species: Ovisaries *Baby: Lamb *Young Male: Ram Lamb *Young Female: Ewe Lamb *Castrated Male: Wether *Mature Male: Ram *Mature Female: Ewe *Group: Flock

  17. C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Pigs *Genus/Species: Susscrofadomestica *Baby: Piglet *Young Male: Shoat *Young Female: Gilt (until 1st litter) *Castrated Male: Barrow *Mature Male: Boar *Mature Female: Sow *Group: Herd, Drove, Mob Or “Sounder of hogs”

  18. C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Goats *Genus/Species: Capra hircus *Baby: Kid *Young Male: Ram Kid *Young Female: Doe Kid *Castrated Male: Wether *Mature Male: Billy *Mature Female: Doe *Group: herd or tribe

  19. C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Horses *Genus/Species: Equuscaballus *Baby: Foal *Young Male: Colt *Young Female: Filly *Castrated Male: Gelding *Mature Male: Stallion *Mature Female: Mare *Group: Herd

  20. C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Poultry *Genus/Species: Gallus domesticus *Baby: Chick *Young Male: Cockerel *Young Female: Pullet *Castrated Male: Capon *Mature Male: Rooster *Mature Female: Hen *Group: Chickens: Brood, Flock, Peep Turkeys: Rafter, Gobble, Gang Geese: Gaggle (if they are in flight=Skein)

  21. C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Rabbits *Genus/Species: Oryctolaguscuniculus *Baby: Bunny *Young Male: *Young Female: *Mature Male: Buck *Mature Female: Doe *Group: Colony, Nest, Herd

  22. C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Dog *Genus/Species: canisfamiliaris *Baby: Puppy *Young Male: *Young Female: *Mature Male: Stud *Mature Female: Dam or Bitch *Group: Pack

  23. C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Cat *Genus/Species: feliscatus *Baby: Kitten *Young Male: *Young Female: *Mature Male: Tom *Mature Female: Queen *Group: Clowder or Clutter Video Clip

  24. D. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. Species • a group of closely related animals that can INTERBREED and produce FERTILE offspring • Example

  25. D. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. Breed • animals of common ORIGIN with characteristics that distinguish them from other groups within the same SPECIES • Example

  26. D. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. Type • animals of the same SPECIES that are grouped together based on the PRODUCTS they produce • Example

  27. E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Types of Livestock Each species of livestock has specific breeds that perform best for each purpose: Meat Type: Produce meat efficiently Dairy Type: Produce milk efficiently Dual Purpose: Produce meat & milk efficiently Ornamental: Don’t produce milk or meat efficiently, chosen for beauty Performance: Chosen for performance traits

  28. E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Cattle • Beef Type • Dairy Type • Dual Purpose

  29. E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Sheep • Wool type • Fine • Medium • Long • Colored • Meat or Mutton type • Dual

  30. E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Pigs • Meat Type

  31. E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Goats • Meat Type • Dairy Type

  32. E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Horses • Performance Type • Draft Type • Racing • Ranch Work/Stock Horse

  33. E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Poultry • Eggs (Layers) • Meat (Broilers) • Ornamental

  34. F. List & describe benefits of animal agriculture What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? • Animals convert feed that humans CAN’T eat to food humans CAN eat • (poor hay, corn stalks, straw, etc.) • Helps maintain fertility of the land

  35. F. List & describe benefits of animal agriculture What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? • Personal satisfaction of working with domesticated animals • May more fully utilize capital, machinery and wasteland (range).

  36. F. List & describe benefits of animal agriculture What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? • Animal proteins are superior to vegetable proteins for humans • Animal proteins have improved amino acid balance over vegetable protein • Milk -- approximately 90% of milk for human consumption in the world comes from cattle • Over 85% of the world population desires food of animal origin

  37. G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Beef Production • 1. Texas • 2. Kansas • 3. Nebraska • 4. Oklahoma • 5. California • Utah’s Rank 28th

  38. G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Dairy Production • 1. California • 2. Wisconsin • 3. New York • 4. Pennsylvania • 5. Michigan • Utah’s Rank 25th

  39. G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Sheep Production • 1. Texas • 2. California • 3. Wyoming • 4. Colorado • 5. South Dakota • Utah’s Rank 7th

  40. G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Goat Production • 1. Texas • 2. New Mexico • 3. Arizona • 4. Oklahoma • 5. California • Utah’s Rank ?

  41. G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Swine Production • 1. Iowa • 2. North Carolina • 3. Michigan • 4. Illinois • 5. Indiana • Utah’s Rank 20th

  42. G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Layers Production • 1. California • 2. Ohio • 3. Indiana • 4. Pennsylvania • 5. Iowa • Utah’s Rank 33rd

  43. G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Broiler Production • 1. Arkansas • 2. Georgia • 3. Alabama • 4. North Carolina • 5. Mississippi

  44. G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Turkey Production • 1. North Carolina • 2. Minnesota • 3. Arkansas • 4. Missouri • 5. California • Utah’s Rank 14th

  45. G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Number of Farms and Ranches • 1. Texas • 2. Missouri • 3. Iowa • 4. Kentucky • 5. Minnesota • Utah’s Rank 36th

  46. G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Land in Farms and Ranches • 1. Texas • 2. Montana • 3. Kansas • 4. Nebraska • 5. New Mexico • Utah’s Rank 28th

  47. G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Utah’s Rank in Other Areas • Mink Production 2nd • Trout Production 6th • Honey Production 24th

  48. Bell Quiz • List 2 out of 5 qualifications to consider an animal “domestic” • Name 5 reasons why we have domestic animals. • What is the genus and species name for a pig? • What is the definition of a breed? • What is the definition of a species?

  49. Bell Quiz • List 2 benefits of animal agriculture vs plant based agriculture. • What state ranks top in production of • Dairy • Beef • Sheep 3. Know ALL terminology for animals (babies, males, females, genus/species, etc) 4. Compare the terms: breed, species, and type

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