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National Bibliographies the Chinese Experience

Discover the history, issues, and advancements in China's National Bibliography, including legal deposit policies, format distinctions, and future improvements. Learn about the online services and authority control efforts. Explore the complexities of managing publications from Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

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National Bibliographies the Chinese Experience

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  1. National Bibliographiesthe Chinese Experience Ben Gu (顾犇), Director Acquisitions & Cataloging Department / Online Library Cataloging Center National Library of China

  2. China National Bibliography: History • China National Bibliography (中国国家书目(1985)) was published in 1987. • Compiled by the National Library of China • Ceased to be published in 1994 , because of • Financial problem, • Annual increase of publications, • Limited market. Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  3. Online National Bibliography • Online database of the National Library of China is regarded as the electronic version of the China National Bibliography Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  4. CNB: Printed to Electronic • Problem 1: Low legal deposit rate • Problem 2: NLC doesn’t collect children’s books and school textbooks • Problem 3: Lack of cooperation among Chinese libraries Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  5. CNB: Printed to Electronic • Online Library Cataloging Center (OLCC, 全国图书馆联合编目中心) a part of the Acquisitions & Cataloging Department (图书采选编目部) of NLC, discussing with Ex Libris to make an online cataloging module in its Aleph500 system • To form a National Union Catalog. Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  6. CNB: Online Services • Online Library Cataloging Center is distributing CNMARC records • Source: NLC and other participating libraries • Z39.50 access • National center and provincial subcenters • 1.2 million records with 0.1 million new records every year Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  7. Legal Deposit Policies in China • No legal deposit law • Regulations by government departments • Not very effective • Legal deposit copies (monographs): • GAPP (General Administration of Press and Publications): 1 copy • National Depository Library: 1 copy • National Library of China: 3 copies Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  8. Reasons of Low Deposit Rates • NLC is not responsible for ISBN registration. • About 70% for monographs. • We are appealing to draft a national library law, which should include legal deposit issues. Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  9. Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan • Hong Kong returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1997 • Macau returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1999 • Special administrative regions of the People’s Republic of China and have some independent powers: no legal deposit copies • Taiwan: Political, not technical reasons. • OLCC can provide CNMARC records of these publications collected in NLC. Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  10. Different Formats and Rules • Mainland China: CNMARC based on UNIMARC • Hong Kong: MARC21 and Western cataloging rules • Macau: CNMARC and MARC21 • Taiwan: CMARC (similar to CNMARC) and MARC21 • Different rules, e.g. romanization of “毛泽东”: “Mao Zedong”, “Mao, Zedong”, “mao ze dong”. Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  11. Another National Bibliograhy? • National Depository Library (NDL) under GAPP publishes National Register of Books (全国总书目) annually. • A kind of national bibliography partly based on CIP information. • Acquisitions librarians sometimes use it as “Books in Print” • It doesn’t strictly use library cataloging rules, and does not have output functions. Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  12. Authority Control • Controversies among different library systems in China: Chinese characteristics and internationalization. • NLC plans to correct records in its name authority database and the corresponding headings in bibliographical records. • NLC is also making efforts to realize coordination with other libraries. Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  13. Problems (I) • Two “national bibliographies”. • No foreign languages in the China National Bibliography. • Narrow coverage. Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  14. Problems (II): • Services to Foreign Libraries: • Conversion from CNMARC to MARC21 formats • Conversion from Chinese Library Classification to DDC • Conversion from Chinese characters to Pinyin Romanization and creation of 880 fields for Chinese characters • Manual and automatic conversion Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  15. Conclusions • National Library of China is trying to consolidate its position as the national bibliographical agency. • Make the National Bibliography Database more complete. • Provide records with different formats for different users. Ben Gu (China), IFLA/WLIC, Seoul, Korea, August 22, 2006

  16. Thank you!谢谢! bgu@nlc.gov.cn http://www.bengu.cn

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