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Systemic Fluorides

Systemic Fluorides. Index: Means of administering Fluorides / Modalities of Fluoride (F) delivery Salt fluoridation Milk fluoridation Fluoride (F) supplements. Means of administering Fluorides. Topical Systemic. Salt Fluoridation. History. 1946 -- Wespi 1 st done in Zurich

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Systemic Fluorides

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  1. Systemic Fluorides

  2. Index: • Means of administering Fluorides / Modalities of Fluoride (F) delivery • Salt fluoridation • Milk fluoridation • Fluoride (F) supplements

  3. Means of administering Fluorides • Topical • Systemic

  4. Salt Fluoridation

  5. History • 1946--Wespi • 1st done in Zurich • Optimal concentration = 200 – 250 mg F / kg salt (2.5 mg / 10 gms salt)

  6. Reduction in Dental Caries • Similar to that seen with optimally fluoridated water AGENTS USED ARE • NaF • KF

  7. Advantages • Economic 2. Unlike daily intake of F tablets or drops, • no attention has to be paid to lifelong daily compliance

  8. 3. Freedom of choice 4. Acceptable 5. Safe 6. Simple, easy to implement

  9. Disadvantages • Consumption is lowest when F is most needed • Large variations in salt intake • Varying F levels in water • Need for control of fluoridated salt in processed food

  10. Milk Fluoridation

  11. History • 1st done at Winterthur in 1955

  12. Reduction in Dental Caries • 43% reduction in DMFS after 5 years

  13. Advantages • Selectively offered to children • Freedom of choice • Risk of overdose is small • Both systemic & topical effects

  14. Disadvantages • Individuals vary in how much milk they consume • Inability to consume milk at all because of lactase deficiency • Daily affordability of milk?

  15. Production of Fluoridated Milk • To calculate appropriate F-concentration, it is necessary to consider the volume of milk consumed by a child • 5 ppm in 250 ml of milk • Agents used are NaF, CaF2 & Disodium MFP

  16. Fluoride Supplements

  17. Dietary Supplements • F drops • F tablets • F lozenges • Liquids, F-vitamin preparations Neutral NaF -- compound of choice [2.2 mg = 1 mg F]

  18. WHO Recommendations

  19. Advantages • Used in areas where other systemic methods of F administration are not possible • Effective • Both systemic & topical effects • Freedom of choice

  20. Precise dosage • Low variability in level of protection

  21. Disadvantages • Cannot be used as an alternative to water or salt fluoridation but is effective in controlled situations • Expensive • Long term patient compliance • Inadvertent use • increased risk of fluorosis • greater chances of toxicity

  22. Thank you

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