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BSC 2010L CELLS AND PROTISTS I

Dive into cell structure and function review while discovering the diversity of protists. Learn about key cell types, structures, and functions through the lens of biological concepts. Experiment with dissecting scopes to observe live specimens and gain insights into organelles. Get hands-on with lab activities focusing on classification, hierarchical systems, and different kingdoms.

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BSC 2010L CELLS AND PROTISTS I

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  1. BSC 2010L CELLS AND PROTISTS I

  2. In this lab we will: A. Review cell structure and function (Chapter 2). B. Begin examining diversity of life with some protist taxa (handouts).

  3. Principal Biological Concepts to Emphasize: A. Cell theory - all living things are made of cells. B. Levels of organization: atomsmoleculesmacromoleculesorganellescellstissuesorgansorganisms C. Cell types D. Cell structures and functions E. Diversity and cladistic analysis G. Diversity of some protist groups

  4. Dissecting scopes A. Putting prepared slides under the dissecting scope is often a convenient way to look at larger specimens. B. Look at live protists and small inverts under dissecting scopes when preparing wet mounts.

  5. Cell Structure A. Basic aspects of cell structure and function 1. All cells have a nucleus (or nucleoid), cytoplasm and a plasma membrane.

  6. 2. The plasma membrane isolates the cell from the environment, controls the flow of molecules into and out of the cell, and contains receptors that effect cell’s activities.

  7. 3. A nucleus is bound be a membrane and contains DNA. (In bacterial and blue-green cells, DNA in located in the nucleoid region and is not membrane-bound.)

  8. 4. The cytoplasm contains membrane systems, particles, filaments (the cytoskeleton), and a semifluid matrix.

  9. PROKARYOTES

  10. A prokaryotic cell

  11. Eukaryotes 1. internal membrane bound organelles - with specific structures and functions. a. cell membrane surrounding cytoplasm b. nuclear membrane around nucleus c. endoplasmic reticulum d. mitochrondria e. chloroplasts

  12. PLANT vs. ANIMAL CELLS

  13. An animal cell

  14. A plant cell

  15. A. Nucleus B. Nucleolus C. Membrane systems 1. endoplasmic reticulum a. smooth ER b. rough ER 2. ribosomes D. Mitochondria E. Golgi bodies F. Chloroplasts G. Central Vacuole H. Cell wall I. Flagella and cilia Organelles

  16. The nucleus and its envelope 

  17. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

  18. Ribosomes

  19. Golgi bodies

  20. The endomembrane system 

  21. The mitochondrion

  22. Ultrastructure of a eukaryotic flagellum or cilium

  23. The plant cell vacuole 

  24. The chloroplast

  25. In lab: A. Bacterial cells B. Human epidermal cells stain- methylene blue C. Onion epidermis D. Hydrilla

  26. Use glass slides throughout lab, then throw them in GLASS container.

  27. Data sheet 1 (10 pts.) THIS IS DUE BEFORE YOU LEAVE THE LAB.

  28. Classification A. Taxonomic hierarchy - Domain, kingdom, phylum (division), class, order, family, genus, species. B. 3 domains 1. Bacteria 2. Archaea 3. Eukarya

  29. Eukarya a. "Protists" – At least 5 kingdoms b. Kingdom ANIMALIA c. Kingdom FUNGI d. Kingdom PLANTAE

  30. Hierarchical classification

  31. Domains of life

  32. The five-kingdom system compared with two alternative classification schemes

  33. A tentative phylogeny of eukaryotes

  34. The "protists” A. Representing at least 5 kingdoms B. 60,000 extant species C. Eukaryotic cells origin from prokaryotes by endosymbiosis

  35. This week we will include: A. Kingdom Rhizopoda B. Kingdom Euglenozoa 1. Phylum Euglenophyta – euglenoids 2. Phylum Kinoplastida C. Kingdom Alveolata 1. Phylum Ciliophora

  36. In lab: A. Euglena - (with Stentor) B. Trichonympha C. Trypanosoma D. Paramecium E. Stentor F. Vorticella

  37. Euglena

  38. Amoeba proteus

  39. Termite and Trichonympha

  40. Trypanosoma, the kinetoplastid that causes sleeping sickness

  41. Conjugation and genetic recombination in Paramecium caudatum

  42. Paramecium conjugating

  43. Ciliates: Stentor (left), Paramecium (right)

  44. Paramecium contractile vacuole DEMONSTRATION.

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