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BSC 2010L DEUTEROSTOMES. Principal Biological Concepts:. A. Protostome vs. deuterostome (revisited). B. Chordate features. C. Chordate subphyla. D. Evolution of vertebrates from early chordates. E. Evolution of vertebrate classes. F. Evolution of jaws.
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Principal Biological Concepts: A. Protostome vs. deuterostome (revisited). B. Chordate features. C. Chordate subphyla. D. Evolution of vertebrates from early chordates. E. Evolution of vertebrate classes. F. Evolution of jaws. G. Adaptations to terrestrial existence. H. Endothermy. I. Cladistic analysis.
Phylum Echinodermata A. secondary radial symmetry - bilateral in larvae B. endoskeleton - calcareous "test" C. water vascular system
4 classes 1. sea stars (class Asteroidea) 2. brittle stars (class Ophiuroidea) 3. sea urchin (class Echinoidea) 4. sea cucumbers (class Holothuroidea)
Echinodermata 4 classes 1. sea stars (class Asteroidea) 2. brittle stars (class Ophiuroidea) 3. sea urchin (class Echinoidea) 4. sea cucumbers (class Holothuroidea)
Class Asteroidea sea stars
Class Ophiuroidea brittle star
Chordates (phylum Chordata) 3 characters - present at some point in life 1. notochord 2. pharyngeal gill slits 3. dorsal, hollow,nerve cord
Chordata 3 subphyla - 2 "protochordates" and vertebrates 1. subphylum Urochordata -tunicates or sea squirts 2. subphylum Cephalochordata - lancelets (Amphioxus) 7. subphylum Vertebrata - vertebrates
Chordata Subphylum Urochordata -tunicates or sea squirts
Chordata Subphylum Urochordata -tunicate larva
Chordata Subphylum Cephalochordata - lancelets (Amphioxus)
1.Class Myxini - hagfishes 2. Class Cephalaspidomorphi - lampreys 3. Class Chondrichthyes - cartilagenous fishes -sharks, rays, skates "Osteichthyes" 4. Class Actinopterygii - ray-finned fishes 5. Class Actinistia - lobe-finned fishes 6. Class Dipnoi - lungfishes 7. Class Amphibia - frogs, toads, salamanders 8. Class Mammalia - mammals "Reptilia" 9. Class Testudines 10. Class Lepidosauria - snakes, lizards, tuatara 11. Class Crocodilia - alligators and crocodiles 12. Class Aves - birds Subphylum Vertebrata - 12 classes
Class Chondrichthyes - cartilagenous fishes -sharks, rays, skates
"Osteichthyes" - informal name for bony fishes Class Actinopterygii - ray-finned fishes Class Actinistia - lobe-finned fishes Class Dipnoi - lungfishes
”Reptilia" - informal name for reptile classes Class Testudines - turtles Class Lepidosauria - lizards, snakes, tuatara Class Crocodilia - crocodilians
Cladistic Analysis exercise You must complete this and hand it in before you leave (DS3 - 10 pts.) Introduction to cladistics - http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/clad/clad1.html
“32A Traditional Animal Phylogenetic Tree” and “34A Characteristics of Chordates” on Student Media CD-ROM for review of material from this lab.
Lab practical next week. A. Sign up sheets go on-line Monday October 10. B. Review lab sessions will be Saturday October 15, and Sunday October 16, from 10:00 - 4:00 pm. C. Practical exams will be given Monday October 17 through Wednesday October 19. D. 30 stations E. 1 question per station F. 60 seconds per station G. NO GOING BACK H. Practical covers labs 1, 4, 5 and 7, in roughly equal proportions. I. You must bring a photo ID to the exam.