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Final Review pt 2

Final Review pt 2. The Articles of Confederation This is the first attempt at a real federal government in the colonies . ((Created by the 2 nd C.C.). T he Articles of Confederation were created, they allowed the Federal Government to…. Conduct foreign affairs and

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Final Review pt 2

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  1. Final Review pt 2

  2. The Articles of Confederation This is the first attempt at a real federal government in the colonies. ((Created by the 2nd C.C.)

  3. The Articles of Confederation were created, they allowed the Federal Government to…

  4. Conduct foreign affairs and • deal with the Native Americans

  5. 2) Maintain armed forces and declare war

  6. Pennsylvania Money Delaware Money 3) Issue currency and borrow money from other nations

  7. 4) Run a postal service

  8. 5) Make Laws

  9. FYI: • Under the Articles of Confederation there was only a Legislative branch. • The Executive branch and Judicial branches did not exist; therefore there wasn’t a separation of powers under our first government.

  10. However, there were many things that the federal government couldn’t do under the Articles of Confederation

  11. THE ARTICLES CANNOT: • 1. Have a Chief Executive (President) • Why? Because they didn’t like having a King • 2. Add new laws without 9/13 states’ approval • Why? To protect the rights of states, needed more than majority to add a law • 3. Tax citizens or regulate trade • Why? They didn’t like British taxes and acts

  12. THE ARTICLES CANNOT: • 4. Draft an army • Why? Citizens were afraid that a strong central army might bully citizens • 5. Have a national court system • Why? Court system might be unfair to states, states have final say • 6. Change the Articles. unless all 13 states agree on the change • Why? To guarantee the states had a big say in shaping the federal government

  13. THE ARTICLES CANNOT: • 7. Allow the fed. government to collect state debts owed to the federal government • Why? States might have to pay for things that they didn’t want to • 8. Allow the fed. government to settle disputes among states • Why? States were left with the ultimate authority when it came to solving their problems

  14. Details of the Constitution-The Supreme Law of the Land

  15. ARTICLE I • LEGISLATIVE BRANCH (congress)

  16. ARTICLE II •EXECUTIVE BRANCH (president)

  17. ARTICLE III • JUDICIAL BRANCH (supreme court)

  18. Why three branches? CHECKSANDBALANCES

  19. Bill of Rights- Amendments 1-10 Purpose: Protect our individual freedoms or privileges from abuse by the government.

  20. Warm up What were the four precedents that Washington set as President?

  21. #2) Creation of a Cabinet • One of the first jobs of the President and the Congress, was to put a working government in place. Congress passed laws to set up 3 departments to advise the Executive Branch called the cabinet. • 1) Treasury • 2) State • 3) War Each department was to be headed by a secretary nominated by the President

  22. #1)President’s Title How should we address the President? -Vice President suggested “His Highness the President of the United States,” but Washington decided “Mr. President” would be appropriate

  23. #3) Gave the State of the Union Address Annually discusses national plans for the upcoming year with Congress.

  24. #4) Stepping down after 2 terms (Amend 22; 1951)

  25. A Strong Federal Government What did they believe in or want? What social classes followed them? The wealthy and educated Alexander Hamilton Whose ideas did they follow? Banking, shipping and manufacturing What industries did they support? Federalists What foreign country did they support? Britain The educated and the wealthy Who did they want to involve in government? What was their view on the Constitution? They had a loose interpretation of the Constitution

  26. A Strong State Government What did they believe in or want? What social classes followed them? Urban workers and small farmers Thomas Jefferson Whose ideas did they follow? What industries did they support? Farming Democratic -Republicans What foreign country did they support? France They had a strict interpretation of the Constitution Who did they want to involve in government? The People What was their view on the Constitution?

  27. A Strong Federal Government Answers What did they believe in or want? What social classes followed them? The wealthy and educated Alexander Hamilton Whose ideas did they follow? Banking, shipping and manufacturing What industries did they support? Federalists What foreign country did they support? Britain The educated and the wealthy Who did they want to involve in government? What was their view on the Constitution? They had a loose interpretation of the Constitution

  28. A Strong State Government Answers What did they believe in or want? What social classes followed them? Urban workers and small farmers Thomas Jefferson Whose ideas did they follow? What industries did they support? Farming Democratic -Republicans What foreign country did they support? France They had a strict interpretation of the Constitution Who did they want to involve in government? The People What was their view on the Constitution?

  29. The Louisiana Purchase

  30. The Louisiana Purchase • In 1803 President Jefferson sent James Monroe to Paris to negotiate with Napoleon (French ruler) for the Louisiana Territory • Napoleon Bonaparte needed $ to fight Britain • For $15 million the U.S. purchased the territory, about 4 cents/acre • Largest land deal in history! • Americans knew they could convince France to sell because they couldn’t defend it…why?

  31. Lewis and Clark • Jefferson assigned two skilled frontiersmen, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark the task of mapping the Louisiana Territory • Lewis-Jefferson’s Secretary (military) • Clark- Friend of Lewis’ from military service

  32. Lewis and Clark • Lewis & Clark traveled with a crew of 45 explorers and kept detailed journals of their findings.

  33. Lewis and Clark Artifacts Virtual Journey

  34. The WAR OF 1812 Madison is elected President The U.S. is having continued problems with Britain

  35. REASONS FOR WAR: 1) Battle over Canadian Border (U.S. / Britain) The British had become friends with the Native Americans in the west supplying them with weapons to use against the United States.

  36. REASONS FOR WAR: 2) British Capture U.S. Ships (Impressment) Captured about 5,000 men, about 1,500 of them were U.S. citizens

  37. REASONS FOR WAR: 3) Poor Economy – Embargo Act stops all trade with other countries War = More Jobs

  38. What was the main purpose of the Monroe Doctrine???? Answer: to keep European influence out of the Americas and prevent further colonization in the Americas. “you stay on your side of the world and we will stay on our side”

  39. How did democracy expand during the era of Jacksonian Democracy? The requirement to own property was taken away in national elections. Pretty much the right to vote went from rich white men-> all white men (over 21)

  40. Industrial Revolution During the Industrial Revolution, people moved from working in homes and farms  to working in mills and earning wages in cities.

  41. The Cotton Gin and Slavery • With in fifty years of the invention of the cotton gin in 1793, the United States was producing three-quarters of the world’s cotton supply. Cotton growing became so profitable for plantation owners that it greatly increased the demand for land for slave labor to grow and pick the cotton. [1]

  42. Effect of the Erie Canal on NYC • The effect of the Canal was both immediate and dramatic, and settlers poured west.  The explosion of trade prophesied by Governor Clinton began, spurred by freight rates from Buffalo to New York of $10 per ton by Canal, compared with $100 per ton by road.  In 1829, there were 3,640 bushels of wheat transported down the Canal from Buffalo.  By 1837 this figure had increased to 500,000 bushels; four years later it reached one million. In nine years, Canal tolls more than recouped the entire cost of construction. • Within 15 years of the Canal's opening, New York was the busiest port in America, moving tonnages greater than Boston, Baltimore and New Orleans combined

  43. California • California had been ceded to the United States as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. • At the time only about 10,000 people lived there and a few rich families owned most of the land. • However, a major event soon lured people to California!

  44. The Gold Rush That major event was the discovery of Gold. This led to the …

  45. Manifest Destiny manifest: clear or obvious destiny: future or fate

  46. Remember the picture we used to define Manifest Destiny.

  47. John Gast, American Progress, 1872

  48. Manifest Destiny • That god and the constitution give settlers the right to go west…..and it is the fate of the country to go from sea to shining sea…..

  49. period 4’s definition abolitionist

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