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Cyberbullying and Schools. Carol A. Mayer Instructional Technology Consultant Wayne RESA mayerc@resa.net 734.334.1423. Context for the Discussion. The 21 st Century demands a highly skilled, educated workforce.
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Cyberbullyingand Schools Carol A. Mayer Instructional Technology Consultant Wayne RESA mayerc@resa.net 734.334.1423
Context for the Discussion • The 21st Century demands a highly skilled, educated workforce. • Core subjects are as important as ever, yet insufficient for lifelong success. • The Whole Child Initiative proposes a definition of achievement and accountability that promotes and recognizes that each child deserves to be healthy, safe, engaged, supported, and challenged. The Whole Child, an initiative of ASCD - http://www.wholechildeducation.org/
Survey Question 1 http://www.polleverywhere.com/
Survey Question 2 http://www.polleverywhere.com/
What does the research tell us?Sources and Methodology • Pew Internet and American Life Project: Interviewed 800 parent-child pairs in Sept 2009, 700 parent-child pairs in November 2007 and 935 parent – child pairs in Oct-Nov 2006 • Teens ages 12-17 • Nationally representative sample ------------- • Journal of Adolescent Health Special Issue (2007) • UNH Crimes Against Children Research Center data (YISS-1 & YISS-2) (Wolak, Finkelhor et al) • Internet Solutions for Kids (Growing up with Media)(Ybarra et al) • Hinduja & Patchin, Cyberbullying Research Center
How do teens use the Internet? • 93% of teens 12-17 go online • 63% of online teens go online daily • 89% of online teens go online from home, and most of them go online from home most often • 77% of teens go online at school • 71% go online from friends or relatives house • 60% go online from a library • 27% go online on their mobile phone • 76% of households with teens go online via broadband, 10% via dial up, and 12% do not have access at home.
What are teens doing online? • 94% go online to do research for school assignments; 48% do so on a typical day. • 81% go to websites about movies, TV shows, music groups, or sports stars • 64% of online teens have created some kind of content online • 62% go online to get news • 57% have watched a video on a site like YouTube • 55% go online to get information about a college or university • 48% have bought something online like books, clothes or music • 31% have looked online for health, dieting or physical fitness information; 17% have looked online for sensitive health information
How else are teens connecting? • 75% of teens have a cell phone • No gender or race/ethnic differences in ownership • 50% of teens with phones talk to friends daily • 54% of teens send text messages daily • 27% use their phone to go online • 73% of teens use an online social network site • 37% of SNS users send messages through social networks daily • 80% of teens have a game console • 51% of teens have a portable gaming device • Teens connect and interact with others online through games
What is cyberbullying? Cyberbullying is bullying through email, instant messaging (IMing), chat room exchanges, web site posts, or digital messages or images sent to a cellular phone or personal digital assistant (Kowalski et al., 2008). Cyberbullying is being cruel to others by sending or posting harmful material or engaging in other forms of social aggression using the Internet or other digital technologies (Nancy E. Willard, 2007). Cyber bullying, like traditional bullying, involves an imbalance of power, aggression, and a negative action that is repeated over time.
What is cyberbullying? Human Relations Media http://a95120.sites.myregisteredsite.com/quicktime/Cyberbullying_384k.wmv
How is cyberbullying different from traditional bullying? • Can take place 24/7 - not just during school hours • Can be done quickly and on a large scale, because of the speed and reach of email, mobiles and web sites • Bully is often anonymous, as are bystanders • Persistence of content – editable, alterable • Perpetrators and their targets might not fit the profile of other forms of bullying • Provides evidence (e.g., emails, texts, photos or videos) in a way that other forms of bullying don't • Incidents may be unintentional or a "joke” and the perpetrator might not have considered the potential consequences NPR All Things Considered - Melissa Block interviews Dr. Justin Patchin, co-director of the Cyberbullying Research Center. Interview follows suicide of Tyler Clemente, Rutgers Univ. student
What types of cyberbullying exist? • Exclusion- intentionally and cruelly excluding someone from an online group; • Impersonation - pretending to be someone else and sending or posting material to get that person in trouble or danger or to damage that person’s reputation or friendships • Trickery- talking someone into revealing passwords, secrets or embarrassing information, then sharing it online • Denigration - sending or posting gossip or rumors about a person to damage his or her reputation or friendships • Harassment - repeatedly sending nasty, mean, and insulting messages; • Flaming - Online fights using electronic messages with angry and vulgar language • Outing - sharing someone’s secrets or embarrassing information or images online
What does it look like? • Sending mean messages • Posting threatening comments • Excluding or isolating others • Creating Internet polls • Locking out of account • Online game site attacks • Creating offensive websites • Posting or transmitting pictures • Stealing passwords • Cyber-bashing
Who is involved? • Most cyberbullying occurs among teens ages 14-17 • 29% of 10 to 17 year-olds said they’ve been cyberbullied • 52% know someone who has experienced cyberbullying • 26% of teens have been harassed via cell phone, • 15% of teens have had private material forwarded without permission • Girls are more likely than boys to be perpetrators and victims of cyberbullying • Girls are more likely to spread rumors, boys more likely to post hurtful videos or pictures • Perpetrators are also often victims • Kids at risk for traditional bullying are similarly similarlyat risk Common Sense Media, July 2010
Why should we worry? • Research suggests that 1/3 of teens (34%) are distressed by online harassment. • Some research suggests that significant portions of teens aren’t bothered by involvement in online harassment or bullying • Bullying is broadly associated with: • School violence, delinquency, suicidal ideation (cyberbullicide) • Bullied teens (and often bullies themselves) have higher levels of: • Depression and other psychological problems, substance abuse, delinquency / school avoidance, weapon-carrying, poor parent/caregiver relationships, offline victimization/sexual abuse/physical abuse
What should kids do? • Don’t respond to the cyberbullying • Block communication with any cyberbully • Save the messages or pictures as evidence • Talk to a friend, parent, teacher or school counselor • Report cyberbulliesto an ISP or web site moderator • Try to identify the individual doing the cyberbullying • If you’re a bystander to cyberbullying, speak up or talk to a trusted adult
What should kids do? Be a courageous bystander… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E1LG9NymhTE
What should kids do? http://www.digizen.org/resources/cyberbullying/films/uk/lfit-film.aspx
What should parents do? • Learn about cyberbullying and what it looks like. • Be diligent and check out who your kids are chatting with. • Talk specifically about cyberbullying and encourage your child to tell you immediately if he or she is the victim of cyberbullying, cyberstalking, troublesome online behavior. • Make sure kids know the statistics about cyber bullying. • Assure kids that you will not take away their technology if they confide in you about a problem they are having. • Let them know that you won't stand for them being a cyberbully. • Encourage your child to tell you if he or she is aware of others who may be the victims of cyberbullying.
Whatcan schoolsdo? • Educate students, teachers, and other staff members about cyberbullying, its dangers, and how to respond • Be sure that your school’s policies define and address cyberbullying • Closely monitor students’ use of computers at school • Investigate reports of cyberbullying immediately. If cyberbullying occurs through the school district’s Internet system, you are obligated to take action. If the cyberbullying occurs off-campus, consider what actions you might take to help address the bullying. • Contact the police immediately if known or suspected cyberbullying involves acts such as threats of violence, extortion, sexual exploitation
Cyberbullying Resources Cyberbullying http://cbresources.wikispaces.com
Context for the Discussion • The 21st Century demands a highly skilled, educated workforce. • Core subjects are as important as ever, yet insufficient for lifelong success. • The Whole Child Initiative proposes a definition of achievement and accountability that promotes and recognizes that each child deserves to be healthy, safe, engaged, supported, and challenged. The Whole Child, an initiative of ASCD - http://www.wholechildeducation.org/