Statistics Portugal Economic Statistics Department

1. Statistics Portugal Economic Statistics Department Domestic Trade, Tourism and Transport Statistics Unit TKEY CHALLENGES IN AIR TRANSPORT STATISTICS « THE PORTUGUESE EXPERIENCE « Belgrade, November 27, 2012 «

2. « Portugal: - member of the EU since 1986 - population: 10,6 million 2

3. « 3

4. Information requirements « REGULATION (EC) No 437/2003 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 February 2003 on statistical returns in respect of the carriage of passengers, freight and mail by air 4

5. Information requirements « COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1358/2003 implementing Regulation (EC) No 437/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council on statistical returns in respect of the carriage of passengers, freight and mail by air and amending Annexes I and IIthereto 5

6. Information requirements COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 546/2005 of 8 April 2005 adapting Regulation (EC) No 437/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the allocation of reporting-country codes and amending Commission Regulation (EC) No 1358/2003 as regards the updating of the list of Community airports COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 158/2007 of 16 February 2007 amending Commission Regulation (EC) No 1358/2003 as regards the list of Community airports « 6

7. National data sources Manages the main airports in the Mainland and Islands Airport central administration Collects data from the Airport Central Administration but also from the smaller airports, especially in some Islands (Azores) where the Regional Government is the administrator National authority foraviation 7

8. Data supply chain Airline 1 Airline n Airport 1 Airport n Airports central administration Press releases Publications On line indicators National authority foraviation Statistics Portugal 8

9. National data sources – the early days Statistics Portugal promoted close contact with: Airports central administration and National authority for aviation - In order to achieve high involvement and determination to adapt their computer systems and harmonize nomenclatures - So that all movements are registered (some flaws were detected) 9

10. Passengers ICAO country identifier code Direct transit passengers Source: Eurostat 10

11. Classifications « ICAO - The International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO country code – document 7910 2-letter code Concatenation of: First digit - the ICAO Aeronautical fixed service area codes Second digit - ICAO country identifier codes 11

12. Classifications « ICAO airport code 4-letter ICAO codes (alphanumeric Concatenation of: First digit - the ICAO Aeronautical fixed service area codes Second digit - ICAO country identifier codes Third and fourth digit - national telecommunication centre identifier codes 12

13. Classifications « Air transport operator code 1EU Airlines licensed in the European Union 1NE Airlines not licensed in the European Union ZZZ Unknown airlines 888 "confidential" (tables A1 and B1 if an "information on the airline" is not allowed for confidentiality reasons) 999 “all airlines” (in table C1 only) 13

14. Classifications ICAO aircraft type 4-letter of the ICAO aircraft type designators - Document 8643 « Source: http://www.icao.int/publications/DOC8643/Pages/default.aspx 14

15. Information requirements « Table A1 - Flight stage dataset Scope: commercial aviation Periodicity: monthly basis Variables: flight stage data registered for airport-to-airport routes broken down by arrivals/departures, scheduled/non scheduled, passenger service/ all-freight and mail service, airline information and aircraft type Values: passengers, freight and mail on board, commercial air flights and passenger seats available 15

16. Information requirements Table A1 - Flight stage dataset « 16

17. Information requirements « Table B1 - On flight origin / destination dataset Scope: commercial aviation Periodicity: monthly basis Variables: flight origin/destination data registered for airport-to-airport routes, and broken down by arrivals/departures, scheduled/non scheduled, passenger service/all-freight and mail service and airline information. Values: passengers carried and freight and mail loaded or unloaded 17

18. Information requirements « Table B1 - On flight origin / destination dataset 18

19. Information requirements « Table C1 - Airport dataset Scope: commercial aviation + General aviation Periodicity: annual (at least) Variables: airport data registered for declaring airports, and broken down by airline information Values: total passengers carried, total direct transit passengers , total freight and mail loaded or unloaded, total commercial aircraft movements and aircraft movements 19

20. Information requirements « Table C1 - Airport dataset (1) 20

21. Information requirements « Table C1 - Airport dataset (2), if available 21

22. Information requirements « Exclusions Exclusion of A1 and B1: Airports handling more than 15 000 and less than 150 000 passengers per year – report only C1 (airport dataset) (category 1) Total exclusion: Airports handling less than 15 000 passengers units annually(category 0) 22

23. Information requirements « Categories and exclusions in Portugal 23

24. Data quality checks « Some of the checks produced by Eurostat: Consistency over time/Passengers Consistency over time/Freight and mail Consistency over time/Commercial air flights Comparison between arrivals and departures Interdataset checks/Passengers Interdataset checks/Freight and mail Seats available check Mirror checks Missing routes check 24

25. Data quality checks « Consistency over time - Passengers Consistency over time - Freight and mail Consistency over time - Commercial air flights Applied on A1 and B1 Different thresholds for different magnitudes - Checks not problematic 25

26. Data quality checks « Comparison between arrivals and departures Applied on A1 and B1 – only to passengers Thresholds are tight - Checks are a problem, due to population flows and alternative means of transport (ferry) between islands 26

27. Data quality checks « 27

28. Data quality checks « Interdataset checks/Passengers Interdataset checks/Freight and mail Applied on A1 C1 B1 C1 Thresholds are adequate - Efficient codification good coherence! 28

29. Data quality checks « Seats available check /passengers Aircraft profile tables - have the average capacity (seats available) and (often) the maximum capacity; Problems: - In some short/medium distance flights with large demand, the real capacity of the aircraft can be adjusted: less fuel and cargo capacity provide more offer (these cases must be identified in the database and corrected) - Aircrafts adapted with more seats 29

30. Common use of same definitions « • Commercial aircraft movement • An aircraft movement performed for remuneration or for hire. • Includes: • commercial air service movements • commercial general aviation operations. Source: Transport glossary (Eurostat/ITF/UNECE) 30

31. Common use of same definitions Commercial air service An air transport flight or series of flights for the public transport of passengers and/or freight and mail, for remuneration or for hire. The air service may be either scheduled or non-scheduled. Source: Transport glossary (Eurostat/ITF/UNECE) 31

32. Common use of same definitions « General aviation operations – commercial All commercial civil aviation operations other than scheduled air services and non-scheduled air transport operations for remuneration or hire. The main categories of commercial general aviation are as follows: a) Air taxi b) Photographic c) Sightseeing trips d) Advertising e) Agricultural/crop spraying f) Medical/air ambulance trips g) Other commercial. Source: Transport glossary (Eurostat/ITF/UNECE) 32

33. Common use of same definitions « • General aviation operations – non-commercial • All non-commercial civil aviation operations other than scheduled air services and non-scheduled air transport operations for remuneration or hire. The main categories of non-commercial general aviation are as follows: • State Flight • b) Instructional flying • c) Private flying • d) Business flying • e) Parachute and glider launch flights • f) Technical stops • g) Test flight • h) Positioning flight • i) Other non-commercial. Source: Transport glossary (Eurostat/ITF/UNECE) 33

34. Major difficulties « Transformation of OD data to flight stage data Airports Aircrafts Transport operators Need to ensure that airport database is understandable and convertible 34

35. Major difficulties « Systematic data codification Airports Aircrafts Transport operators Requires IT support, computer programming 35

36. Major difficulties « Assess the seats offered Tables available have average capacity Aircrafts often have higher capacity (seats added to the initial construction layout) which may lead to distorted occupancy rates 36

37. Major difficulties « Aircraft seats available, example of reference table 37

38. For the future « Keeping high involvement from airport administrations in order to: - respect datelines - have mutual trust and eliminate any doubts about safety procedures with confidential data 38

39. For the future « Keeping high involvement from national authority in order to: - have help understanding the air transport sector dynamic (companies,, ...) - get support on validation whenever may be necessary (effects of the bad weather, ...) 39

40. For the future « New information needs, Commission and AESA: Data with breakdown by type of aircraft (aircraft-km, number of cycles) True origin / destination, number of transfers, ... But... One step at a time! 40

41. Key challenges « Thank you for your attention! (rute.cruz@ine.pt) 41