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Classification of Matter for Chemistry Students

Learn about the composition of matter, classification of substances, mixtures, physical and chemical properties, and the law of conservation of mass.

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Classification of Matter for Chemistry Students

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  1. Chapter 9: Classification of Matter Notes by Mrs. Holder

  2. 9-1: Composition of Matter • Matteris anything that has mass & takes up space. • Matter can be subdivided into two groups. *substances *mixtures

  3. Elements Made of only one kind of atom 92 naturally occurring elements 20 synthetic ones Cannot be broken down by physical means Compounds Two or more elements that are chemically combined in a specific ratio. Examples: H2O = 2:1 NaCl= 1:1 Cannot be broke down by physical means. Substances can be either

  4. Homogeneous These mixtures have very small particles that are evenly spread throughout the mixture. Heterogeneous These mixtures have large particles that can be easily separated. Mixtures can be broken into two groups.

  5. Homogeneous Mixtures • Examples include: • Saltwater • Dental amalgam • Stainless steel • solder

  6. Colloids – large particles that scatter light. This is called the Tyndall effect. Suspensions – large particles that can be suspended in another substance. Heterogeneous Mixtures

  7. Examples of colloids include: fog, smog, dust

  8. Examples of suspensions include: raisin bran cereal, iced tea, fruit cocktail

  9. QUIZ

  10. Complete the concept map on L22 Matter Classified as Classified as Can be Can be Can be Can be can be Can be Can be example example example example example

  11. Complete the concept map on L22 Matter mixture homogeneous substance heterogeneous

  12. Complete the concept map on L22 Matter element solution colloid suspension compound

  13. 9-3 Describing Matter

  14. Two classifications of the properties of matter. • Physical Property • A characteristic of a substance that you can observe without changing the substance. • Examples include: size, shape, mass, temperature, density, volume, etc.

  15. Chemical property Characteristic of a substance that indicates how it will behave. Examples include: rust, tarnish, flammable, photosensitive, etc.

  16. When matter undergoes a change, the change can be classified as either a….

  17. Physical Change Any change in a physical property Tearing a piece of paper, melting, freezing, boiling, etc.

  18. Chemical change A change in one substance to produce another new substance. Examples include: rusting, tarnishing, cooking, burning, bubbling (like in alka-seltzer & water), reactions to light (like exposing film to light), etc.

  19. Indications of chemical changes include a change in physical properties such as odor, color, bubbling, light, heat, sound, etc. Plus the production of a new substance.

  20. Law of Conservation of Mass • First developed by Antoine LaVoisier • States that mass cannot be created or destroyed. • This means that the total mass at the beginning of a chemical change will equal the mass at the end of the change.

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