1 / 12

America in World War I

America in World War I. Period 7 – Part 1 1898 to 1920. Think About It. To what extent was the American public supportive of increased foreign involvement? To what extent did World War I impact Progressive Era reforms?. Great War in Europe (1914-1919).

jtyler
Download Presentation

America in World War I

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. America in World War I Period 7 – Part 1 1898 to 1920

  2. Think About It • To what extent was the American public supportive of increased foreign involvement? • To what extent did World War I impact Progressive Era reforms?

  3. Great War in Europe (1914-1919) • Archduke and wife of Austria-Hungary assassinated by Serbian nationalist on June 28, 1914 • Alliances and ultimatums dragged Europe into a destructive conflict

  4. The Path to War • American Neutrality • Isolationists • Preparedness • Mostly pro-Allies • German U-Boats • Lusitania sunk on May 7, 1915 killing 128 Americans • Sussex Pledge (1916) • German resumes unrestricted submarine warfare • Russian Revolution (1917) • Zimmermann Telegram (1917) • German request for Mexico alliance in return for lost land by U.S. • United States declares war on April 6, 1917 • To preserve and defend democracy, self-determination

  5. American Domestic War Effort • War Agencies • War Industries Board (Bernard Baruch) • National War Labor Board • Food Administration • Committee on Public Information (George Creel) • Liberty Bonds • Financial support for American war effort • Portrayed as an act of patriotic duty

  6. American Propaganda

  7. American Domestic Insecurity • American Protective League (APL) • Espionage Act of 1917 • Prohibition of: • Interfere in military operations • Interfere in military recruitment • Support of U.S. enemies • Promote insubordination • "The question in every case is whether the words used are used in such circumstances and are of such a nature as to create a clear and present dangerthat they will bring about the substantive evils that the United States Congress has a right to prevent. It is a question of proximity and degree. When a nation is at war, many things that might be said in time of peace are such a hindrance to its effort that their utterance will not be endured so long as men fight, and that no Court could regard them as protected by any constitutional right.“ • Schenk v. United States (1919) • Abrams v. United States (1919) • Sedition Act of 1918 • In times of war: • Prohibit disloyal, profane, scurrilous, abusive language against U.S. government, military, and flag

  8. Americans Over There • Selective Service Act of 1917 • Conscription of 21-31 • 18-45 by 1918 • American Expeditionary Force (AEF) • Inspired to preserve democracy and defend American honor • General John J. Pershing • War Events • Spring Offensive (1918) • Armistice (11/11/1918) • German capitulation • Casualties • 117,000 Americans • 1 million British, • 1.6 million French, • 3.3. million Russian, • 2.4 million German, • 2.9 million Ottoman, • 1.5 million Austrian-Hungarian

  9. Wilson and Peace • Fourteen Points • “peace without victory” • Freedom of the seas • Self-determination • League of Nations • Treaty of Versailles • German guilt, reparations • League of Nations • Wilson and Senate Treaty Ratification • Senate Opposition • Irreconcilables • Strongly opposed the Treaty of Versailles • Reservationists • Henry Cabot Lodge • Amendments to Treaty to limit American involvement • Wilson’s Public Campaign • Wilson debilitated by a stroke from exhaustion • Senate rejects Treaty and League of Nations • U.S. will eventually negotiate separate treaties

  10. Postwar AmericaLabor Unions and Strikes • Causes • Unions wanted to preserve labor gains during war • Post-war inflation demanded higher wages • Union Membership • AFL supported WWI • AFL reached 4 million by 1920 • IWW opposed WWI • Lost membership • Strikes of 1919 • Seattle General Strike • Boston Police Strike • Public Perception • Association with radicals • Strikes causes product shortages

  11. Postwar AmericaRace Riots • Red Summer of 1919 • Three dozen cities experienced race riots • Economic competition and First Red Scare • Chicago (July-August) • Blacks react to stoning of young man • Omaha (September) • Brutal lynching of William Brown

  12. Postwar AmericaFirst Red Scare • Causes • War Propaganda • Overman Committee • Russian Revolution • Strikes and Riots • Targets • Anarchists, Bolsheviks, Socialists, Communists, Wobblies • 1919 Bombings • Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer • Palmer Raids • Deportations

More Related