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Social Medicine History and Context Course by Assistant Professor Ozren Polašek

Explore the history and significance of social medicine through this course led by Assistant Professor Ozren Polašek. Learn about key figures like Virchow, historical developments, and the need for social medicine in today's world. Delve into healthcare disparities and the impact of social and economic conditions on public health.

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Social Medicine History and Context Course by Assistant Professor Ozren Polašek

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  1. Social medicineIntro. History Assistant Professor Ozren Polašek Department of Public Health and Croatian Centre for Global Health

  2. Course outline • Social medicine • Timetable • Seminars (guided and student) • Exam (B3 and B4; 9.40, FRI 19.10.) • Absence?

  3. Social medicine / Public health Izvor fotografija: http://www.biojobblog.com/, http://meded.ucsd.edu/clinicalmed/, http://www.pw.org

  4. Izvor slike: http://www.isrswimkids.com/register.html

  5. Needs of the few vs. needs of the many? • Is it better to do a lot for the few [liver transplant to a chronic alcoholic, ~400.000 Kn] or a little for a lot [hepatits B vaccination a 280 Kn for 1429 kids]? Izvor slike: http://www.askamum.co.uk/ Izvor slike: http://www.safa.tv

  6. R. VirchowDie Medicinische Reform, 1848 Izvor fotografije: http://sinapsis.usach.cl/moodle/

  7. Virchow’s ideas • He advocated that medicine be reformed on the basis of these principles: • the health of the people is a matter of direct social concern • social and economic conditions have an important effect on health and disease • the measures to promote health and combat disease must be social as well as medical (The Medical Reform, 1848)

  8. Virchow’s career • Suspended from Berlin Medical school • Pathology chair in Wurzberg • Returned to Berlin in 1856, elected to City Council in 1861, and German Reichstag in 1880 • Refused to be knighted as “von” Virchow • Accused of being “unpatriotic” (met with the French)

  9. Medicine is a social science, and politics is nothing but medicine in the large scale R. VirchowDie Medicinische Reform, 1848 Izvor fotografije: http://sinapsis.usach.cl/moodle/

  10. Izvor slika: www.google.com tražilica/preglednik

  11. History of social medicine JP Frank (1786): hygiene and social medicine, Medizinische Polizei J Guerin (1848): term social medicine England (1848): Law on public health England (1856): First course in public health Izvor slike: http://www.trading-house.net

  12. Historical development • Semaško (SSSR): Health care organization • Grotjan (1915): social pathology (alcoholsm, tubeculosis, veneral diseases) • 1923. CEA Winslow: Public health definition

  13. Izvor slike: www.dubrovacki.hr

  14. Croatian contribution? 1776. - Lalangue: first medical book in Croatian 1807. Proclamation on the mandatory chickenpox vaccination in Dalmatia (1789. E. Jenner) 1830. K. Peičić: poor people’s insurance 1833. Miners guild in Samobor requires health insurance 1873. Worker’s society for help in need founded in Zagreb 1891. Patients insurance founded in Croatia and Slavonia 1893. Zagreb - “Royal state institute for manufacturing animal vaccination againts chickenpox” Andrija Štampar (1888-1958)

  15. Izvor fotografije: http://www.croatia.org Founding Committee of the World Health Organization

  16. 1926. Andrija Štampar: 10 health commandments • Informing the people is more important that the law • The most important thing is to lay the groundworks for understanding of the health issues in any region • Question of the people’s health and its improvement is not a monopoly of the physician, it should include everybody . Only through joint cooperation and synergy ill it be possible to improve the health of the entire population

  17. Physician needs to be a social worker; indivdual therapy does not go very far; social therapy can bring in much more improvement • Physician must not be economically dependent on the patient • In matters of people’s health there must be no difference between the rich and the poor • We need to develop an institution in which physician will seek for the patient, and not the other way round, for only this can provide better health for more people

  18. Physician must be a people’s teacher • Question of the people’s health is of greater economical than humanitarian meaning • Main physicians workplace should be settlement and places where people live, not laboratories and clinics

  19. Izvor fotografije: http://www.magicus.info

  20. Social medicine context • Several chapters which define the general direction of social medicine • Alma Ata Declaration • Ottawa • Jakarta • Health for All

  21. Why do we need Social medicine? • 3 billion people live on less than $2/day. • 2.6 billion without access to adequate sanitation • 2 billion deprived of electricity • 1 billion without adequate shelter • 840 million malnourished • 880 million without access to medical care 1998 Human Development Report, UN Development Program

  22. Wealth distribution • The 200 richest people in the world more than doubled their net worth in the four years prior to 1998, to $1 trillion. • The wealth of the richest 225 people in the world is greater than the collective wealth of 2.5 billion people (47% of the world’s population). • The 15 richest have assets that exceed the total GDP of Sub-Saharan Africa.

  23. Ten essential services • Assessment • Monitor health status to identify community health problems • Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community • Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based health services

  24. Ten essential services • Policy development • Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts • Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety • Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems

  25. Ten essential services • Assurance • Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems • Link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable • Assure a competent public health and personal health care workforce • Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues.

  26. Social medicine targets • Vaccination • Motor-vehicle safety • Safer workplaces • Control of infectious diseases • Decline in deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke • Safer and healthier foods • Healthier mothers and babies • Family planning • Fluoridation of drinking water • Recognition of tobacco use as a health hazard

  27. Medical sociology • Medical sociology (sociology of health & illness) is concerned with all those aspects of contemporary social life which impinge upon well-being throughout the life-course.

  28. Social medicine • Social medicine • Public health and organisation of the health care • Epidemiology • School medicine • Microbiology • Health ecology • Health economics • Preventive medicine* • Medical sociology • …

  29. Conclusion • Focus on the population • a little for a lot http://www.pw.org

  30. Next 23 minutes… • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ms8emcoWZM

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