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Chapter 22: An Age of Cross-Cultural Interaction

Chapter 22: An Age of Cross-Cultural Interaction. 1000 to 1500 CE. Most important information in this presentation!. European maritime technology Compass, astrolabe, caravel Henry the Navigator & his school Europe’s role in African slave trade European trade Ming foreign policy

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Chapter 22: An Age of Cross-Cultural Interaction

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  1. Chapter 22: An Age of Cross-Cultural Interaction 1000 to 1500 CE

  2. Most important information in this presentation! • European maritime technology • Compass, astrolabe, caravel • Henry the Navigator & his school • Europe’s role in African slave trade • European trade • Ming foreign policy • Zheng He • European Renaissance

  3. How do we get there? All the way to the Americas… and back. The Astrolabe The Caravel

  4. Astrolabe: Chaucer’s version of Astrolabes for Dummies http://www.joh.cam.ac.uk/library/library_exhibitions/schoolresources/astrolabe/

  5. Creating an Astrolabe Read the Instructions Using glue and split-pin fasteners assemble the astrolabe ACCURATELY Go to Mrs. Z’s website and link to “how to use your astrolabe” and try it out tonight

  6. Please explain Why did we make an astrolabe? How would this instrument revolutionize maritime travel? Extrapolate that answer into trade, what does this invention do for trade? What invention would make the astrolabe essentially obsolete? Why? (Think Islam)

  7. The Caravel • Prince Henry the Navigator – Portugal • Phillip II – Spain (1556 – 1598) • How were these King’s policies instrumental in the rise of their respective countries? • Ship design continued to improve

  8. European Trade & Sub-Saharan Trade get married Prince Henry’s exploration of the African coast linked the two Cartography became a popular science along with astronomy Global wind and current patterns became widely circulated knowledge Why do all these people want to understand this? What are they hoping to gain through this knowledge?

  9. Navigation School – Sagres Portugal

  10. Portugese Slave Traders • Traded guns, textiles, and manufactured items for slaves • Took the slaves to plantations on Atlantic Islands to cultivate sugar and other luxury goods • Later they rounded the cape and expanded the trade

  11. Christopher Columbus discovers the Caribbean 1492 • When Columbus found some islands just off India that were totally unlike any islands off India anyone else had found he was very pleased with himself. So pleased that he returned three times. Go Chris go.

  12. Famous Travellers • Marco Polo • Ibn Battuta • RabbanSauma • John of Montecorvino • Zheng He

  13. Cultural Exchanges Who What Crops (citrus, rice sugar) Cotton Gunpowder Weapon & war technologies Maritime technologies What else? • Troubadours • Merchants • Slaves • Missionaries • Soldiers • Other ideas?

  14. Black Death: Bubonic Plague? • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2g50tW9fUc

  15. Ming Rising 1368-1644 • Emperor Hongwu 1368 • Confucian system • Irrigation systems • Defensive systems • Cultural revival

  16. Gentlemanly Behavior Lu Kun, governor of Jiangxi during the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), defined the code of gentlemen in his book, Groanings. The following are some of his suggestions: He should hide a large portion of whatever goodness he might have and thus cultivate his “ethical profoundness.” Likewise he should conceal to a great extent the shortcomings of others and thus enlarge his “magnanimity,” Patience is essential to planning, and a peaceful mind is a prerequi-site to the management of affairs. Modesty is the most important item in the preservation of one’s life, and tolerance and forgiveness should be the basic attitude towards others. To cultivate his mind, a gentleman should not be unduly concerned with such things as affluence or poverty, life or death, constancy or change. Every event has its reality, every word its abode of beatitude, and every object the reason that sustains its existence. Likewise there are ways that make man a man; the purpose of education is to learn these ways. A gentleman learns them whenever and wherever he is, constantly and tirelessly. He will not cease to learn until he knows them all and knows them well. Source: Lu Kun, Groanings, in The Essence of Chinese Civilization, edited by Dun J. Li (Princeton, N.J.: Van Nostrand, 1967).

  17. Zheng He http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0507/feature2/map.html

  18. The Renaissance

  19. Stuff to Remember from Chapter 22 • Europe escalated their maritime technology • Compass, astrolabe, caravel • Henry the Navigator & his school • Portugeesefundamentally changed the African slave trade • The more Europeans sailed the more stuff got traded • The Ming were schitzo in their foreign policy • Zheng He – not he isolationist! • Europe had a renaissance… maybe

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