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Naval Postgraduate School

Naval Postgraduate School. Joint Task Force Katrina Relief Effort. Unclassified Information Brief. Purpose/Objective. Purpose: To provide NCOIC with a sketch of NPS’s Hastily Formed Networks deployed in support of the emergency response to Hurricane Katrina.

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Naval Postgraduate School

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  1. Naval Postgraduate School Joint Task Force Katrina Relief Effort Unclassified Information Brief

  2. Purpose/Objective • Purpose: To provide NCOIC with a sketch of NPS’s Hastily Formed Networks deployed in support of the emergency response to Hurricane Katrina. • Objective: To show relevance of Hastily Formed Networks and NPS’s Humanitarian Assistance/Disaster Relief work to the global humanitarian assistance community.

  3. HFN Defined….. Skills to Learn: Interagency / coalition ops (civ-mil boundary) Collaborative coordination tool set Capacity to Improvise Leadership in a network HFN Concept by Dr Peter Denning, NPS Cebrowski Institute Executive Director

  4. Conversation Space….. Medium in which all communications take place A set of interaction rules for effective coordination among all participants

  5. Aspects of Conversation Space Physical communication systems meeting places distribution systems Community players and organizations Practices rules of interaction and coordination

  6. Physical Aspects….. mobile networks telephony Internet satellite power fast configurability meeting places pre-positioning essential equipment distribution systems

  7. Community Aspects….. including all players transcending turf issues civil-military boundaries sharing information situation awareness planning coordinating (action, OODA loops) building trust

  8. Practices Aspects….. rules of engagement for multiple, autonomous organizations must be embodied -- not a step-by-step process getting “buy-in” on the rules decentralized control and decision making collaboration without hierarchy

  9. Instructive Examples….. NYC after 9/11 open, included all NY conditioned tendency to stovepipe SE Asian Tsunami Dec 26 ’04 collaboration w/out hierarchy, ad hoc, no common conversation space US Gulf Coast after Katrina Aug 29 ‘05 partitioned, protecting turf, finger pointing, red tape, citizens initially not included

  10. Claim: Doing HFN well means mastery of conversation space What are the rules of the most productive “game”? What are the skills for successful play? Where does technology fit in (HFN is the key to the kingdom)?

  11. Hastily Formed Networks NPS’s Katrina Relief Effort

  12. The Storm Surge…..

  13. Areas of Operation

  14. Hancock Medical Center Relief Distribution Center Law Enforcement EOC Bay St Louis Fire & Police Station Waveland Police Station 223rd ENG BATT DET Relief Distribution Center NPS DET 1 NETWORK Tachyon Satellite 802.16 Wireless 802.11 Wireless Network Infrastructure

  15. The Images…..

  16. The Images…..

  17. The Images…

  18. The Images…..

  19. The Problem….. No power No fiber/copper infrastructure No push-to-talk comms to speak of Cellular services totally jammed Satellite phone service totally jammed Not enough satellite eqpt suites available No Internet access (web, email, VOIP)

  20. THE PUZZLE…..

  21. Surrounded by the Civil-Military Boundary…. and Improvisation

  22. One Viable Comms Solution….. SATCOM Internet Reachback 802.11 (WiFi) and 802.16 (WiMax) Broadband Internet, Web, Email Voice Over IP (basic dial-tone) Skype (free internet phone) Groove (collaboration solution)

  23. Tie-in to Earlier HFN Definition….. Skills to Learn: Interagency / coalition ops (civ-mil boundary) Collaborative coordination tool set Capacity to Improvise Leadership in a network

  24. Employed Technologies 2 Mbps Down 512Kbps Up Long Haul Wide Area Network Connection 54 Mbps

  25. NPS Faculty Members (2) NPS Students (19) Information Warfare, Information Systems and Technology, Joint C4I Systems, Space Systems Operations, Space Systems Engineering Multi-service, Multi-designator Others: Naval Reservists (5) Naval Security Group Reserve OSD NII Observer Active Duty Commander, USN Corporate Partners Cisco, Microsoft, Redline, Tachyon, Mercury Data Systems, Rajant Corp. The Team……

  26. Accomplishments • Created and extended full scale, timely, and self contained wide area network in an austere environment – expanded from Tsunami work • First comms capability for *many* • Learned about civ-mil boundary issues CONUS vs International from Tsunami work • Valuable student real world application of technology (learned by doing – live lab work)

  27. Benefits / Observations • NPS: • TCP/IP glue that binds • Practical value for students and faculty • Enhanced research opportunities and theses insights • New connections for collaboration (like with NCOIC) • Navy: • Network Capability is a first responder necessity • Time Matters • Learned about adaptability in austere environments (improvisation) • Reconfirmed applicability of wireless to disaster relief (ship/shore comms) • Joint: • JTF Operations - collaborative environment using Internet technologies • Comms interoperability one of biggest HA/DR issues • Social/Political/Economic (soft science) as challenging as technical • Civil/Military Boundary is a key with much work to be done

  28. Lessons Learned • Effect of No Common Situational Awareness • VoIP Was HUGE Benefit • Physical Access Was a Challenge • PTT Radio Interoperability a Growing Concern • Creature Comforts – You’re on Your Own • Pre-Positioning Assets and Contracts – Can’t Negotiate in the Chaos ! • Force Protection • Active Military vs Nat’l Guard (or both)? • Providing Internet Access to the Public

  29. Current NPS Research • PTT Radio Interoperability • More International HA/DR Issues • Hastily Formed Networks that Enable….. • Noncombatant Evacuation Ops (NEO) Tracking Systems • Patient / Victim Tracking Systems • Ship-to-Shore Wireless for HA/DR and Hospital Ships • Airline Luggage Capable Flyaway Kits • Smaller Form Factor VSAT • NCOIC CHD Case Study • Strong Angel III (Aug 20-26 San Diego)

  30. Conclusion and Challenges….. • “We” must do better ! • Who are “We” ? • How do “We” proceed ? • Are We ready for the next hurricane season, international disaster, Japan’s “big one”, Global Avian Flu Pandemic, etc ? • Need scalable, robust, interoperable comms !! • Int’l Community, Private Sector, DoD all have roles !! Brian Steckler, Associate Chair for Special Programs, Naval Postgraduate School steckler@nps.edu – 831.402.1584 http://www.nps.navy.mil/disasterrelief

  31. Bottom Line: No Way To Run A Railroad !!

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