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Science: Using Evidence to Learn About the Natural World

An organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world through observations and the scientific method. This process can be used to solve any problem, scientific or not, and is the basis for research and experimentation.

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Science: Using Evidence to Learn About the Natural World

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  1. Science is... • An organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world • Based on observations

  2. Scientific Method A series of steps to solve a problem The scientific method can be used to solve any problem, scientific or not. It is the basis for all research and experiment.

  3. A problem Will.. Usually written as a..................... What if...

  4. Recognize a problem Before you can go any further you must identify what the problem is that you are trying to solve. Ask why or how?

  5. Research Based on any pior knowledge pertaining to the problem.

  6. Hypothesis (Prediction) or Educated Guess Usually written as.... If......then statement.....

  7. Forming a hypothesis A hypothesis is a possible explanation to the problem that you are trying to solve It is based on previous knowledge - RESEARCH

  8. Controlled Experiments To Run an Experiment Two groups are needed!!!

  9. Control Group • normal situation • used as a reference • used to compare to

  10. Experimental Group • Independent • Variable • one factor that differs from the control

  11. Dependent Variable(results) • what you measure NEED A UNIT!

  12. For a Controlledexperiment • Amount of sun • you need to keep everything the same except one thing • Amount of water • vases

  13. Data

  14. Conclusions Once data is collected it should be analyzed and interpreted. True or False ? The data is used to evaluate the hypothesis. Did the data provide evidence to support the hypothesis or reject the hypothesis

  15. Theories Once conclusions are drawn the experiments are often repeated As evidence builds up, the hypothesis may become well supported that it is considered a theory Evolution

  16. Law A universally accepted idea Gravity

  17. 2 Ways to improve any experiment Increase Sample Size Repeat

  18. Scientific Method Summary • Identify a problem to solve or a situation you want to learn more about. • Research - prior information pertaining to the problem • Form a Hypothesis or educated guess about the solution to the problem. • Experiment • The Control never changes, it is there to compare • the independent variable to. • Independent Variables is the one thing that is being tested. • Dependent variable - the results. Something measurable

  19. Scientific Method Summary 5. Data. Collect the results. Put in form of a graph or table. • 6. Draw conclusions. • Verification of the experiment…REPEAT IT! • Scientists publish their findings in journals, mabazines or give lectures of their findings. • Theory - highly tested generally accepted principle.

  20. Biogenesis or Spontaneous Generation? Biogenesis is the theory that life only comes from living organisms Abiogenesis or spontaneous generation is the belief that life can arise from something nonliving

  21. Francesco Redi performed an experiment to disprove spontaneous generations. His experiment were then reproduced by numerous scientists Once evidence from many experiments is gathered, a well supported hypothesis may become a theory

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