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Chapter 9, part B. Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA. Genetic Engineering. Figure 9.11.1. Genetic Engineering. Figure 9.11.2. Making a Gene Product. Figure 9.12.1. Making a Gene Product. Figure 9.12.2. E. coli. Used because it is easily grown and its genomics are known
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Chapter 9, part B Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA
Genetic Engineering Figure 9.11.1
Genetic Engineering Figure 9.11.2
Making a Gene Product Figure 9.12.1
Making a Gene Product Figure 9.12.2
E. coli • Used because it is easily grown and its genomics are known • Need to eliminate endotoxin from products • Cells must be lysed to get product
Making a Gene Product Figure 9.13
Therapeutic Applications • Subunit vaccines • Nonpathogenic viruses carrying genes for pathogen's antigens as vaccines • Gene therapy to replace defective or missing genes • Human Genome Project • Nucleotides have been sequenced • Human Proteome Project may provide diagnostics and treatments
Random Shotgun Sequencing Figure 9.14
Scientific Applications • Understanding of DNA • Sequencing organisms' genomes • DNA fingerprinting for identification Figure 9.16
Southern Blotting Figure 9.15.1
Southern Blotting Figure 9.15.2
Southern Blotting Figure 9.15.3
Agricultural Applications Table 9.2
Genetic Engineering Using Agrobacterium Figure 9.18
Safety Issues and Ethics • Avoid accidental release • Genetically modified crops must be safe for consumption and for the environment • Who will have access to an individual's genetic information?