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The First Americans and Early European Colonization

The First Americans and Early European Colonization. PowerPoint Presentation 1-1 Chapter 1 Sections 1 and 2 Things to think about: The influence that geography and climate can have on history. The First Americans. Migration from Asia Ice Age Land Bridge

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The First Americans and Early European Colonization

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  1. The First Americans and Early European Colonization PowerPoint Presentation 1-1 Chapter 1 Sections 1 and 2 Things to think about: The influence that geography and climate can have on history

  2. The First Americans • Migration from Asia • Ice Age • Land Bridge • Isolated from the “old world” by Atlantic/Pacific Oceans • Over 50 million at the time of Columbus • Very diverse, cultures, languages, ways of life • Very sophisticated • Mesoamerica—Olmec, Toltec, Maya, Aztec • Achievements? • Mildly sophisticated • Mississippian civilizations • Least sophisticated • Native Americans of the modern-day United States • What explains this diversity? • Geography? Climate?

  3. European Contact • Why bother exploring at all? • Crusades • Trade with Asia • Portuguese Exploration: Africa • Important: beginnings of slavery as practiced in the Americas • Spanish Exploration: Get to the East by sailing West • Columbus: 1492

  4. Portuguese Route to Asia

  5. What Columbus Thought He Was Doing

  6. Spanish Exploration/Colonization • Caribbean: Explored/colonized by Columbus • Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Bahamas,Puerto Rico, etc • Mexico: Hernado Cortes • Conquered the Aztec Empire 1519-1521 • Peru: Francisco Pizzaro • Conquered Inca Empire 1532 • Other areas filled in by later explorers/conquistadores • New Mexico/California, Florida, all of Central America, most of South America • Motives for Spanish Colonization: Gold, Glory, God • What was New Spain like?

  7. Spanish Colonies around 1600

  8. Effects of Colonization: Columbian Exchange • Columbian Exchange: Old World meets New World • Plants, animals, and diseases only found in the Old World • Wheat, rice, oats, peas, sugar • Horses, cows, pigs, sheep, goats • Small pox, measles, the plague • Plants, animals, and diseases only found in the New World • Corn, tomatoes, potatoes, pumpkins, beans, squash • Turkeys, llamas, alpacas • Syphilis • Effects? • Environment? • Culture? • Diet? • Population?

  9. French Colonization • Late start—1600’s • Canada • Quebec 1608 • Louisiana: 1682 • New Orleans 1718 • What was it like? • Large geographic area • Fur trade • Generally friendly relations with native Americans • Sparsely populated by Europeans • Similarities and differences from Spanish colonies?

  10. New France (In Blue)

  11. Activity • Break into three groups • Each group will take one of the following topics and will brainstorm, analyze, and explain to the class at least 3 ways that geography and climate impacted the unique history of each of these topics 1-Native American civilizations before Columbus 2-European exploration and contact with the Americas 3-Spanish and French colonization of the Americas

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