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6 th grade Science Final. Study Guide Review. I. Ecology. What is ecology? The study of how living things interact 2. Define ecosystem, include what makes up an ecosystem All living and nonliving things that interact in a particular environment 3. What is the source of all energy?
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6th grade Science Final Study Guide Review
I. Ecology • What is ecology? • The study of how living things interact • 2. Define ecosystem, include what makes up an ecosystem • All living and nonliving things that interact in a particular environment • 3. What is the source of all energy? • sunlight
4. What is a biotic factor? • All living things – humans, animals, plants • 5. What is an abiotic factor? • All non-living things – rocks, air, water
6. Which cycle would involve photosynthesis? • Carbon cycle • 7. Most of the atmosphere is nitrogen why? • Because nitrogen cannot be used by plants and animals
8. Describe the energy pyramid • A model used to show the amount of energy available to living things • 9. Define producer • An organism that captures energy and stores it in food as chemical energy, plants • 10. Define consumer • An organism that cannot produce their own food, must get food from another source – frog • There are primary (eats producers) and secondary (eats primary)
11. What is a food chain? Food web? • Food chain – describes the feeding relationship between producer and a single chain of consumers • cattail caterpillar frog water snake • Food web – a model of the feeding relationship between many different consumers and producers
12. Know your types of Biomes • Large geographic areas that are similar • Tundra – cold, artic – little plant life, polar animals • Taiga – similar to tundra, more vegitation – coniferous trees • Desert – hot, dry – cactus, lizard • Grassland – lots of grasses, open areas – grasses, grazing animals
Temperate Forest – moderate temperature – trees, variation of animals • Tropical Forest – lots of rain, wettest biome – most variety of animals and plants • Freshwater – lakes, ponds – fish, algea • Marine – saltwater – open ocean (sunlight, plakton) – deep ocean (dark, no photosythesis)
13. What does coniferous mean? • Evergreen – produces food all year long • 14. Define: parasitism, mutualism and commensalism • Parasitism – one species benefits while the other is harmed • Mutualism- interaction between two species, benefits both • Commensalism – interaction between species, one benefits and the other does not benefit and is not harmed
II. Planetary Science • 15. What makes up the solar system? • Sun, Earth, other planets, smaller bodies • 16. Constellation • A group of stars that form a pattern in the sky
17. Describe what causes night and day • The Earth spinning around on its axis • 18. Describe what causes the seasons • Earth’s orbit around the sun and its 23º tilt on its axis
19. Where in the sky is the sun at the summer solstice? Winter solstice? Equinox? • Summer – highest • Winter – lowest • Equinox- in between • 20. Which par of the world has little change to the amount of daylight? Most change? • Little change – the equator • Greatest change – the poles
21. Why do we only see the same side of the moon (the face) • The moon turns on its axis and orbits the Earth in the same amount of time • 22. Define AU • The average distance between the Sun and Earth
23. Define eclipse – solar and lunar • Eclipse – an event during which one object in space casts a shadow onto another, umbra is the darkest part of the shadow • Solar eclipse –happens during the day • Sun- Moon –Earth • The moon casts a shadow on the Earth • Lunar eclipse – happens at night • Sun- Earth – Moon • The Earth casts a shadow on the Moon
24. Describe the moon phases • New Waxing Crescent 1st quarter Waxing Gibbous • Full Moon Waning Gibbous 3rdquarter Waning Crescent