Chapter Three: Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations

1. Bentley & Ziegler, TRADITIONS AND ENCOUNTERS, 2/e Chapter Three: Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations

2. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • Climatic Change and the Development of Agriculture in Africa • Early Sudanic Agriculture

3. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • Climatic Change and the Development of Agriculture in Africa • Early Sudanic Agriculture • Climatic Change

4. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • Climatic Change and the Development of Agriculture in Africa • Early Sudanic Agriculture • Climatic Change • The Nile River Valley

5. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • Egypt and Nubia: “Gifts of the Nile” • Early Agriculture in the Nile Valley

6. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • Egypt and Nubia: “Gifts of the Nile” • Early Agriculture in the Nile Valley • Political Organization The Nile Valley, 3000-2000 B.C.E.

7. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • The Unification of Egypt • The Archaic Period and the Old Kingdom

8. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • The Unification of Egypt • The Archaic Period and the Old Kingdom • Relations Between Egypt and Nubia

9. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • The Unification of Egypt • The Archaic Period and the Old Kingdom • Relations Between Egypt and Nubia • The Early Kingdom of Kush

10. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • Turmoil and Empire • The Middle Kingdom Imperial Egypt, 1400 B.C.E.

11. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • Turmoil and Empire • The Middle Kingdom • The Hyksos Imperial Egypt, 1400 B.C.E.

12. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • Turmoil and Empire • The Middle Kingdom • The Hyksos • The New Kingdom Imperial Egypt, 1400 B.C.E.

13. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • Turmoil and Empire • The Middle Kingdom • The Hyksos • The New Kingdom • Egyptian Imperialism Imperial Egypt, 1400 B.C.E.

14. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Early Agricultural Society in Africa • Turmoil and Empire • The Middle Kingdom • The Hyksos • The New Kingdom • Egyptian Imperialism • The Revived Kingdom of Kush Imperial Egypt, 1400 B.C.E.

15. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • The Emergence of Cities and Stratified Societies • Cities of the Nile Valley

16. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • The Emergence of Cities and Stratified Societies • Cities of the Nile Valley • Social Classes

17. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • The Emergence of Cities and Stratified Societies • Cities of the Nile Valley • Social Classes • Patriarchal Society

18. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • Economic Specialization and Trade • Bronze Metallurgy

19. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • Economic Specialization and Trade • Bronze Metallurgy • Iron Metallurgy

20. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • Economic Specialization and Trade • Bronze Metallurgy • Iron Metallurgy • Transportation

21. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • Economic Specialization and Trade • Bronze Metallurgy • Iron Metallurgy • Transportation • Trade Networks

22. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • Early Writing in the Nile Valley • Hieroglyphic Writing

23. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • Early Writing in the Nile Valley • Hieroglyphic Writing • Education

24. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • Early Writing in the Nile Valley • Hieroglyphic Writing • Education • Meroitic Writing

25. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • The Development of Organized Religious Traditions • Amon and Re

26. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • The Development of Organized Religious Traditions • Amon and Re • Aten and Monotheism

27. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • The Development of Organized Religious Traditions • Amon and Re • Aten and Monotheism • Mummification

28. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • The Development of Organized Religious Traditions • Amon and Re • Aten and Monotheism • Mummification • Cult of Osiris

29. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • The Formation of Complex Societies and Sophisticated Cultural Traditions • The Development of Organized Religious Traditions • Amon and Re • Aten and Monotheism • Mummification • Cult of Osiris • Nubian Religious Beliefs

30. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Bantu Migrations and Early Agricultural Societies of Sub-Saharan Africa • The Dynamics of Bantu Expansion • The Bantu

31. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Bantu Migrations and Early Agricultural Societies of Sub-Saharan Africa • The Dynamics of Bantu Expansion • The Bantu • Bantu Migrations The Bantu Migrations, 2000 B.C.E. – 1000 C.E.

32. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Bantu Migrations and Early Agricultural Societies of Sub-Saharan Africa • The Dynamics of Bantu Expansion • The Bantu • Bantu Migrations • Iron and Migration The Bantu Migrations, 2000 B.C.E. – 1000 C.E.

33. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Bantu Migrations and Early Agricultural Societies of Sub-Saharan Africa • Early Agricultural Societies of Sub-Saharan Africa • Spread of Agriculture

34. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Bantu Migrations and Early Agricultural Societies of Sub-Saharan Africa • Early Agricultural Societies of Sub-Saharan Africa • Spread of Agriculture • Religious Beliefs

35. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Sources From The Past: Harkhuf’s Expedition to Nubia “The majesty of [Pharoah] Mernere, my lord, sent me toether with my father. . .to [the Nubian kingdom] of Yam to open the way to that country. I did it in seven months; I brought from it all kinds of beautiful and rare gifts, and was praised for it greatly…”

36. Chapter Three:Early African Societies and the Bantu Migrations • Sources From The Past: The Great Hymn to Aten “Splendid you rise in heaven’s lightland O living Aten, creator of life! When you have dawned in eastern lightland, You fill every land with your beauty…”