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Classification of Matter

Classification of Matter. What is matter?. Anything that occupies space and has mass. What is matter made of?. Substances: matter that is an element or a compound So how do we classify matter: - By the materials matter is made up of - 4 states of matter. Example: .

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Classification of Matter

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  1. Classification of Matter

  2. What is matter? • Anything that occupies space and has mass

  3. What is matter made of? • Substances: matter that is an element or a compound So how do we classify matter: - By the materials matter is made up of - 4 states of matter

  4. Example: • How would you classify a pencil? - Wood - Graphite - Eraser Break it down to the to its simpler parts!!!!

  5. Elements • The unit that makes up all matter are atoms • If all atoms of the sample of matter have the same identity they are called elements (see periodic table of elements) • Example: Oxygen

  6. Compounds • What happens when two or more elements come together? • They form a Compound • Example: H20 • H is an element, O is an element, together they form the compound water

  7. How about table salt? • Table salt is a compound: • NaCl • Na is an element, Cl is an element • Together they form a compound

  8. Mixtures • What happens if you combine salt and water? • When you combine two or more substances that can be separated by physical means you have a mixture! • Salt can be separated from water by evaporation!!!

  9. Back to the pencil! • The pencil is a MIXTURE: • Wood (compound) • graphite (element) • Eraser (compound)

  10. Solutions • Salt water – mixture • Can you see the salt in the water? • No • Homogenous Mixture – • A material in which two or more substances are spread out evenly and cannot settle out when standing Homogenous mixture = Solution

  11. Heterogenous Mixtures • A mixture in which different parts can be easily distinguished • Example: Pencil, Peanut Butter and Jelly Sandwich

  12. Categories of Heterogenous Mixtures • Colloids – Heterogenous mixture that never settles • Example: Milk • How can you tell it’s a colloid? • By the Tyndall Effect • The scattering of light by the particles in the mixture

  13. Suspension • Some mixtures are neither solutions nor colloids • They are known as a suspension • Is a heterogenous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle out when standing • A muddy river • How is this different from a solution or colloid? - Particles carried in suspension will settle out

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