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Cardio Vascular System Audience: Health/Physical educators and health aspiring students

Learn about the heart's size, location, chambers, electrical activity, blood path, regulation, and blood vessels. Explore arterial and venous systems, capillaries, and blood pressure. Ideal for health educators and aspiring students.

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Cardio Vascular System Audience: Health/Physical educators and health aspiring students

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  1. Cardio Vascular System Audience: Health/Physical educators and health aspiring students By Vince Colucci

  2. Size of Heart • Average Size of Heart • 14 cm long • 9 cm wide

  3. Location of Heart • posterior to sternum • medial to lungs • base lies beneath 2nd rib • lies upon diaphragm

  4. Coverings of Heart

  5. Wall of the Heart

  6. Heart Chambers • Right Atrium • receives blood from • Left Atrium • receives blood from pulmonary veins • Right Ventricle • receives blood from right atrium • Left Ventricle • receives blood from left atrium

  7. Skeleton of Heart • fibrous rings to which the heart valves are attached

  8. Path of Blood Through the Heart

  9. Path of BloodThrough the Heart

  10. Electrocardiogram • recording of electrical changes that occur in the myocardium • used to assess heart’s ability to conduct impulses P wave – atrial depolarization QRS wave – ventricular depolarization T wave – ventricular repolarization

  11. Electrocardiogram A prolonged QRS complex may result from damage to the A-V bundle fibers

  12. Regulation of Cardiac Cycle Additional Factors that Influence HR • physical exercise • body temperature • concentration of various ions • potassium • calcium • parasympathetic impulses decrease heart action • sympathetic impulses increase heart action • cardiac center regulates autonomic impulses to the heart

  13. Blood Vessels • arteries • carry blood away from ventricles of heart • arterioles • receive blood from arteries • carry blood to capillaries • capillaries • sites of exchange of substances between blood and body cells • venules • receive blood from capillaries • veins • carry blood toward ventricle of heart

  14. Arteries and Arterioles • Arterioles • thinner wall than artery • endotheliallining • some smooth muscle tissue • small amount of connective tissue • helps control blood flow into a capillary • Artery • thick strong wall • endothelial lining • middle layer of smooth muscle and elastic tissue • outer layer of connective tissue • carries blood under relatively high pressure

  15. Metarteriole connects arteriole directly to venule

  16. Capillaries • smallest diameter blood vessels • extensions of inner lining of arterioles • walls are endothelium only • semipermeable • sinusoids – leaky capillaries

  17. Capillary Network

  18. Venules and Veins • Venule • thinner wall than arteriole • less smooth muscle and elastic tissue than arteriole • Vein • thinner wall than artery • three layers to wall but middle layer is poorly developed • some have flaplike valves • carries blood under relatively low pressure • serves as blood reservoir

  19. Arterial Blood Pressure Blood Pressure – force the blood exerts against the inner walls of the blood vessels • Arterial Blood Pressure • rises when ventricles contract • falls when ventricles relax • systolic pressure– maximum pressure • diastolic pressure – minimum pressure

  20. Pulse • alternate expanding and recoiling of the arterial wall that can be felt

  21. Informational Link http://www.ambulancetechnicianstudy.co.uk/circsystem.html

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