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27.2 Human Traits

27.2 Human Traits. Survey Complete Dominance Incomplete Dominance X-Linked Traits. Types of Traits. Physical traits : hair, eyes, skin, features, height, weight, shape Psychological traits : personality, shyness, personal skills, social skills

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27.2 Human Traits

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  1. 27.2 Human Traits Survey Complete Dominance Incomplete Dominance X-Linked Traits

  2. Types of Traits • Physical traits: hair, eyes, skin, features, height, weight, shape • Psychological traits: personality, shyness, personal skills, social skills • Chemical: blood type, predisposition to genetic disorders, diabetes, ect.

  3. Complete Dominance • In a heterozygous genotype, Bb, the dominant allele always appears in the phenotype

  4. Complete Dominance • For example, for one of the gerbil fur color genes, that wild type agouti/brown allele (B) is completely dominant to the black (b) allele of the same gene. Bb gerbils are brown. • And you can't tell by looking at a brown gerbil whether it is BB or Bb, no matter how closely or carefully you look.

  5. Incomplete Dominance • Neither allele is dominant, they are both partially expressed • Blended

  6. Sickle-Cell Anemia • fatal anemia marked by sickle-shaped red blood cells, • Causes pain in the joints, fever, leg ulcers, and jaundice. • Incomplete Dominance • RR’

  7. Sickle-Cell Genes Alleles • R = round red blood cell • R’ = sickle red blood cell Geneotypes • RR = all round blood cells • R’R’ = all sickle blood cells • RR’ = half round and half sickle blood cells

  8. Codominance • Both alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed, • Neither one being dominant or recessive to the other.

  9. Codominance • Human Blood Types

  10. Inheritance Patterns • AB is codominant • A and B are equal • AO and BO is complete dominance • O is recessive

  11. X-linked Traits • Genes found on the X chromosome, but not the Y • Girls: XrXr or XXr • Boys :XrY • Carrier: mother can carry the allele, but not get the disorder • Carrier: X Xr

  12. X-Linked Disorders • Color blindness • Hemophilia • Duchene Muscular Dystrophy

  13. Color Blindness • Red and green look like gray • C = ability to see colors • c = color blind to red and green • Males are more likely to be colorblind • They only need one recessive gene • XcY males or XcXc females

  14. What numbers do you see ?

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