1 / 34

Lecture 5 OE Grammar

Lecture 5 OE Grammar. Helpan (Infinitive) - h u lp on (Past Plural) ge- yfel (bad) - wiersa – wierest bēon, wesan. A synthetic language: grammatical ending sound interchange grammatical prefixes suppletive formation . OE Noun. Gender Number Case.

karl
Download Presentation

Lecture 5 OE Grammar

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Lecture 5 OE Grammar • Helpan (Infinitive) - hulpon (Past Plural) • ge- • yfel (bad) - wiersa – wierest • bēon, wesan

  2. A synthetic language: • grammatical ending • sound interchange • grammatical prefixes • suppletive formation

  3. OE Noun • Gender • Number • Case

  4. Uses of the Old English Cases • Nominative • Accusative • Genitive • Dative • Instrumental

  5. Nominative: se cyning • Accusative: Æþelbald lufode þone cyning "Æþelbald loved the king“ • Genitive: þæs cyninges scip • Dative: hringas þæm cyninge • Instrumental: lifde sweorde - "he lived by the sword"

  6. Noun declension

  7. A-stemMasculine

  8. Scip (Neuter) – ship • Tale (Feminine) tale

  9. Masculine: earm (an arm), eorl, hring (a ring), Neuter dor (a gate), hof (a courtyard), bearn (a child), dēor(an animal)

  10. U-declensionOE sunu- son

  11. Weak declension 

  12. Root-stems • The old case endings were added directly to the final consonant of the root (no stem suffix) • The i-mutation rule • The root vowel is changed during the declension • Eg. fōt

  13. Examples of root stems • hnutu • gōs • mūs • tōþ • bōc • lūs

  14. r-stems for family relatives : dohtor mōdor • (e)s-stems for children and cubs: cild 'a child', cealf 'a calf‘ lamb

  15. nd –stems • frēond, • Hettend • Hælend • Wealend • āgend

  16. OE Pronouns

  17. Demonstrative pronouns • sē, sēo, þæt • þēs, þēōs, þis

  18. Demonstrative pronouns

  19. Interrogative pronouns • hwā?(who?) and hwæt? (what?)

  20. hwilc?(which)

  21. Definite pronouns • gehwā (every) – declined as hwā; • gehwilc (each), ǣgÞer (either), ǣlc (each), swilc (such) 3. sē ilca – declined as a weak adjective.

  22. Indefinite pronouns sum (some), ǣnig (any) • Negative nān, nǣning (no) – declined as strong adjectives.

  23. I. • What kind of declension type of OE do you remember? • What type of declension did such nouns as tooth, foot, man, goose, mouse belong to in OE? II. • What kinds of pronouns existed in OE? • Which pronouns had the dual number?

  24. Strongtype of declension • Strong • Þā men sindon gōde • gōd man • sē gōda man, þy betstan lēōde(with the best song).

  25. Weak adjectives • sē gōda man, • þy betstan lēōde(with the best song).

  26. The Old English Adjective

  27. Degrees of comparison

  28. suppletiveformsofcomparativeandsuperlative

More Related