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Religion in the Colonies

Religion in the Colonies. Puritans . Aim to purify Church of England (Anglican Church) Purify if of what? Catholic influence/hierarchy By the end of the 18 th century most Puritans have become Presbyterians or Congregationalists. Baptists.

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Religion in the Colonies

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  1. Religion in the Colonies

  2. Puritans • Aim to purify Church of England (Anglican Church) • Purify if of what? Catholic influence/hierarchy • By the end of the 18th century most Puritans have become Presbyterians or Congregationalists

  3. Baptists • Believe that ultimate authority rests with congregation • A very informal polity • Based on Calvinist theology

  4. Quakers • NOT based on Calvinist theology • Want to eliminate preaching entirely and allow anyone who is inspired to speak • SHAKERS: Quakers who dance and use charismatic energy to worship

  5. Methodists • 18th century reformers within the Anglican church • Hierarchical/formal polity • Dominated by the clergy NOT the congregation

  6. Unitarians • Evolved from the Presbyterians and Congregationalists • 18th century New Englanders • They do not evangelize • Believe: • Jesus is not divine • Bible is not divinely inspired • Only GOD is divine = UNItarian

  7. Evangelicals • Evangelism is a religious style NOT a theology • Center of religious life is being reborn • Religion is private and engages the heart and mind

  8. Calvinism The 5 Points of Calvinist Theology

  9. The 5 Points: • Total Depravity • Unconditional Election • Limited Atonement • Irresistible Grace • Perseverance of Saints

  10. Calvinism & Colonial Ideology • Personal freedom to choose? • Importance of deeds and decisions? By faith and election alone? • Not available to everyone? Does it promote inequality? • One really has no control? You can’t lose it and you can’t gain it? • How does this impact the use of religion as a mechanism to control the masses?

  11. Calvinist Based Religions: • Baptists • Presbyterians • Congregationalists • Puritans

  12. Arminian theology Comparing Calvinism and Arminianism

  13. Arminian Response to Calvinism • Total Depravity The good and the evil ones are determined by judging customs and habits – NOT determined by nature • Humans have the power to choose to not be evil • Unconditional Election  Humans can assist God in his choice to save us. • Limited Atonement  Jesus died for the sins of everyone NOT just for the sins of the elected few • Irresistible Grace  You have free will and choice so can resist God’s grace if you choose • Perseverance of the Saints  Believes in your ability to back slide

  14. Arminianism & Colonial Ideology • Personal freedom to choose? • Importance of deeds and decisions? What role do they play in Arminianism? • Inclusive? Equal? • Does this provide individuals more control if you can lose or gain it? • How does this impact the use of religion as a mechanism to control the masses?

  15. Arminian Religions • Anglicans • Methodists • Unitarians • Universalists

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