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Injury Evaluation Terminology

Injury Evaluation Terminology. Palpation. To touch an anatomical structure with your hands Palpating the tibial tuberosity How can palpation help you figure out what the injury is?. Abrasion. Top layer of skin is removed “road rash” “turf burn” Long healing time Re-injury

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Injury Evaluation Terminology

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  1. Injury Evaluation Terminology

  2. Palpation To touch an anatomical structure with your hands Palpating the tibialtuberosity How can palpation help you figure out what the injury is?

  3. Abrasion • Top layer of skin is removed • “road rash” • “turf burn” • Long healing time • Re-injury • How skin heals

  4. Abrasion

  5. Incision • Skin is cut with something sharp • Usually a deep wound • “clean edges” • Usually needs to be closed • Sutures • Staples • Steri-strips

  6. Incision

  7. Laceration Skin is “torn” Characterized by jagged edges Usually deep More difficult to repair than an incision

  8. Laceration

  9. Avulsion Tissue is completely or partially “torn” away Tissue is usually “hanging off”

  10. Puncture • Something has gone partially or completely through the skin • “do not” remove whatever has punctured the skin • It may be controlling bleeding

  11. Puncture

  12. Amputation • Part of the body has been partially or completely removed • Body part can sometime be re-attached • Keep “part” • Cold • Dry

  13. Acetaminophen • OTC – pain killer • Tylenol • Pain reliever • Headaches, fever and minor aches and pains • No anti-inflammatory effect • Not good for controlling swelling • Same as CVS brand Acetaminophen

  14. Ibuprofen • OTC - Anti-inflammatory • Advil, Motrin, Rufen and Nuprin • NSAID • Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory • Decrease swelling, menstrual cramping, headaches, fevers and arthritis

  15. Naproxen • OTC -Anti-inflammatory • Became OTC in US - 1994 • Aleve • NSAID • Slightly stronger than Ibuprofen • Decrease swelling, menstrual cramping, headaches, fevers and arthritis

  16. Ligament vs. Tendon Ligament Tendon

  17. Conjunctivitis • “pink eye” • Acute inflammation of the conjunctivitis • Outermost part of the eye and the inner eye lids • Highly contagious

  18. Aerobic Exercise “with oxygen” Moderate intensity for a relatively long period of time Distance running, swimming, biking, etc. HaileGebrselassie 2:03.59

  19. Anaerobic Exercise • High intensity, short duration • Examples • heavy weight-lifting • all types of sprints • jumping rope • hill climbing • interval training • rapid burst of hard exercise

  20. Any exercise done for more than 2 minutes is Aerobic

  21. Goniometer • Instrument used to measure joint range of motion • In degrees • Quantify ROM • Measure progress of rehab

  22. Atrophy • Muscle gets smaller in size • Result of • Immobilization • Injury / disease • Lack of use

  23. Hypertropohy Muscle gets bigger in size Result of rehabilitation / training

  24. Bruise Contusion Ecchymosis A “bruise” caused when blood vessels are damaged or broken as the result of a blow to the skin “black and blue” Most common sign of a contusion

  25. D.O.M.S. Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Pain and stiffness in muscles Several hours or days after strenuous exercise Usually subsided as your body get accustomed to the exercise

  26. Amnesia Retrograde Amnesia Post-Traumatic Amnesia Patient cannot remember things that happened before the injury event What are good questions to assess whether an athlete has retrograde amnesia? Patient cannot remember things that happened after the injury event What are good questions to assess whether an athlete has post-traumatic amnesia?

  27. Edema “swelling” Blood (or other fluids absorbed by soft tissue)

  28. Diplopia “double vision” Often associated with concussion “halo”effect

  29. Epitaxis “bloody nose” Atilla the hun

  30. Nerve form a network of pathways for conducting information throughout the body.

  31. Hallux The “big toe”

  32. Greenstick Fracture is a fracture in a young individuals soft bone in which the bone bends and partially breaks. bone cracks but doesn't break all the way through

  33. Hyphema Accumulation of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye Result of blunt force trauma to the eye

  34. Color Blindness Test

  35. Tinea • “ringworm” • Skin infection caused by a fungus • Warm • Moist • Dark

  36. Ringworm (tinea)

  37. Ischemia Restriction of blood flow Usually do to some wrong with the blood vessel Usually results is tissue damage or death

  38. Vasoconstriction Vasodilation • Narrowing of the blood vessels • Contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel • Usually large arteries • Results in a decrease in blood flow to a part of the body • Widening of the blood vessels • Relaxation of the muscular wall of the vessels • Usually in large arteries • Results in increase in blood flow to a part of the body

  39. Tetanus • “lock jaw” • Preventable disease • Caused by skin wound that becomes infected with Clostridium Tetani • Commonly found in soil • Tetanus “shot” • Children • Adult – every 10 years

  40. Paraplegia Quadriplegia Impairment of motor and sensory function of the lower extremities Impairment of motor and sensory functions of all their limbs and torso

  41. Photophobia Symptom Over-sensitivity or hypersensitivity to light Symptom of concussion

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