MANX Update

1. MANX Update Mary Anne Cummings Steve Kahn Muons, Inc. Muon Collider Design Workshop

2. MANX Collaboration Robert Abrams1, Mohammad Alsharo’a1, Charles Ankenbrandt2, Emanuela Barzi2, Kevin Beard3, Alex Bogacz3, Daniel Broemmelsiek2, Alan Bross2, Yu-Chiu Chao3, Mary Anne Cummings1, Yaroslav Derbenev3, Henry Frisch4, Stephen Geer2, Ivan Gonin2, Gail Hanson5, Martin Hu2, Andreas Jansson2*, Rolland Johnson1*, Stephen Kahn1, Daniel Kaplan6, Vladimir Kashikhin2, Sergey Korenev1, Moyses Kuchnir1, Mike Lamm2, Valeri Lebedev2, David Neuffer2, David Newsham1, Milorad Popovic2, Robert Rimmer3, Thomas Roberts1, Richard Sah1, Vladimir Shiltsev2, Linda Spentzouris6, Alvin Tollestrup2, Daniele Turrioni2, Victor Yarba2, Katsuya Yonehara2, Cary Yoshikawa2, Alexander Zlobin2 1Muons, Inc. 2Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory 3Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility 4University of Chicago 5University of California at Riverside 6Illinois Institute of Technology http://www.muonsinc.com/tiki-download_file.php?fileId=230 Muon Collider Design Workshop

3. MANX Motivations • Demonstrate • Longitudinal cooling • 6D cooling in cont. absorber • Prototype precooler • Helical Cooling Channel • Engineering concepts to accommodate RF for later demos or cooling channel prototypes • New technology PROS: Avoids H2 safety problems No RF in the MANX HCC CONS: Avoids H2 safety problems No RF in the MANX HCC Muon Collider Design Workshop

4. Ionization cooling issues • 2D Transverse Cooling and • Figure of merit: Fcool=LRdEm/ds (4D cooling) for different absorbers • Slope of dE/dx too small for longitudinal cooling if p>300 Want β┴≈p/B as small as possible • Reducing p difficult as the slope of dE/dx implies longitudinal heating for p<300. • Synchrotron motion then makes cooling channel design more difficult. • Can compensate with more complex dispersion function or absorber shape • Increasing B means new technology Muon Collider Design Workshop

5. HCC theory evolution Dipole  Dipole + Solenoid (+Quad for stability) } Transforming to the frame of the rotating helical dipole leads to a time and z –independent Hamiltonian, can form relation: Positive dispersion Equal cooling decrement Manipulate values of parameters to change performance: Longitudinal only cooling decrement Muon Collider Design Workshop

6. HCC Applications Some examples of parameter manipulation from the derbenev-johnson HCC theory to address specific applications: Stopping muons: decreasing absorber density. As precooler: absorber, no RF. As a decay channel (no absorber): Muons, Inc. : Nothing designed today will be used exactly as imagined now As a cooling channel (abs+RF): Precooler Series of HCCs Solenoid + High Pressurized RF Muon Collider Design Workshop

7. Another HCC: A MANX channel • Use Liquid He absorber • No RF cavity • Length of cooling channel: 3.2 m • Length of matching section: 2.4 m • Helical pitch k: 1.0 • Helical orbit radius: 25 cm • Helical period: 1.6 m • Transverse cooling: ~1.3 • Longitudinal cooling: ~1.3 • 6D cooling: ~2 G4BL Simulation 7 Muon Collider Design Workshop

8. MANX HCC Design Evolution Outer bandage rings Inner bobbin Superconducting coils (one layer, hard bend wound) Combined function magnets: 1. Layered conductors for individual components 2. Individual coils, offsets create dipole, quad components 1.“Conventional” 2.“Kashikhin” Can in principle use coil offsets to construct any desired magnetic channel: HCC, matching, etc. Muon Collider Design Workshop

9. Possible MANX configurations Design HCC Magnet Matching Increase gap between coils from 20 mm to 100 mm HCC Matching • Helix period = 1.2 m • Coil length = 0.05 m • Gap between coils = 0.01 m • Current = -430.0 A/mm2 • (VK ‘s original value= -330.0 A/mm2) August 8, 2007 AAC'07 K. Yonehara 9 Muon Collider Design Workshop

10. Feasibility of RF in MANX Starting from the original cooling channel design: Limited by radially spacing Forced to higher frequency Adapting to variations of HCC: Requires lots of RF cavities Limited by longitudinally spacing, However I believe that this is workable for MANX parameters Muon Collider Design Workshop

11. Feasibility of RF in MANX (cont.) • The third option for RF: Interleave banks of RF cavities after MANX-like cooling segments to replace energy loss. • This is probably the easiest from an RF engineering point of view. • It allows significant swings in particle energy. • This makes cooling performance more difficult. • This has not been successfully simulated as yet. • This requiresmore difficult matching than either of the two previous schemes. • The matching is not symmetrical for entering and exiting the RF. • The RF must be put inside (or outside) solenoid coils, since we must hold the beam together in the RF. Muon Collider Design Workshop

12. MANX following MICE Attempt to construct HCC and matching fields directly from individual Coils in “G4MANX”, using the MICE spectrometers. Muon Collider Design Workshop

13. Current Simulation Status • The current G4MANX simulation does show significant transverse cooling. (See figure). Cuts require: • The muon is seen downstream. • The muon is inside the magnetic channel. • This is partly responsible for the unexpectedly small emittance in the upstream matching region. • This simulation unfortunately shows longitudinal and 6D emittance growth (intentionally not shown) due to energy spread. • This is being investigated. Inside Cryostat Matching Region Muon Collider Design Workshop

14. The MANX/FNAL APC Roadmap to 2012 We will be in competition against CLIC at 2012. No Yes Plan A Plan B No 2009 ~ 2011 + RF + GH2 - Cooling • 2008 ~ 2011 • - No RF • LHe • + Cooling 14 Muon Collider Design Workshop

15. R & D Toward MANX/HCC Cooling.. • Detectors: • “0th” order study MANX is with the MICE detectors. • Studies at FNAL by Martin Hu for cryo operation of scin. fibers • New detector proposals: • Multi-Pixel Photon Counters For Particle Detection Systems (new phase I 2008 proposal submitted to DOE SBIR) • Fast timing detectors ~ few ps resolution with U Chicago • RF • MTA beam test is scheduled for HPRF at FNA • HCC Ring Tests • Four Ring Test. • Demonstrate individual ring field reproducibility. This is an important component of the field quality. • Supported by FNAL and Muons, Inc. PH II • Simulations • Continue studies of HCC optimization • Extension to G4BL for resolutions, systematics and controls studies • “G4MANX” program based on “G4MICE” for complete reconstruction Muon Collider Design Workshop

16. MANX Near Future THIS IS HAPPENING… • FNAL has put muons on the agenda • Impressive groups of persons involved on projects • MTA beam test is a priority • HCC theory is being simulated and refined: • RF studies informing HCC MANX design • New insights into isochronicity (gamma-t) are being investigated and exploited • HCC coil tests planned and implemented • Serious engineering concerns on Manx HCC being addressed • Muons, Inc. joining MICE – natural collaborators, many similar problems Muon Collider Design Workshop