MANX Proposal

1. MANX Proposal Muons, Inc. Muon Collider Design Workshop

2. MANX Collaboration Robert Abrams1, Mohammad Alsharo’a1, Charles Ankenbrandt2, Emanuela Barzi2, Kevin Beard3, Alex Bogacz3, Daniel Broemmelsiek2, Alan Bross2, Yu-Chiu Chao3, Mary Anne Cummings1, Yaroslav Derbenev3, Henry Frisch4, Stephen Geer2, Ivan Gonin2, Gail Hanson5, Martin Hu2, Andreas Jansson2*, Rolland Johnson1*, Stephen Kahn1, Daniel Kaplan6, Vladimir Kashikhin2, Sergey Korenev1, Moyses Kuchnir1, Mike Lamm2, Valeri Lebedev2, David Neuffer2, David Newsham1, Milorad Popovic2, Robert Rimmer3, Thomas Roberts1, Richard Sah1, Vladimir Shiltsev2, Linda Spentzouris6, Alvin Tollestrup2, Daniele Turrioni2, Victor Yarba2, Katsuya Yonehara2, Cary Yoshikawa2, Alexander Zlobin2 1Muons, Inc. 2Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory 3Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility 4University of Chicago 5University of California at Riverside 6Illinois Institute of Technology http://www.muonsinc.com/tiki-download_file.php?fileId=230 Muon Collider Design Workshop

3. MANX LOI Synopsis The Muon Collider and Neutrino Factory Experiment (MANX) that we will propose involves the construction of an innovative superconducting Helical Solenoidal (HS) magnet that is the major component of a momentum-dependent Helical Cooling Channel (HCC). The HCC will be filled with liquid helium ionization energy absorber, instrumented to measure incident and exiting momenta and trajectories, and placed in a muon beam where its six-dimensional (6D) beam cooling properties will be measured and compared to detailed Monte Carlo simulations. The primary goal of the experiment is to test the physics simulation programs to allow longer and more complex muon cooling channels to be designed and built with confidence. The experiment will also verify important new beam cooling and engineering concepts Muon Collider Design Workshop

4. MANX Motivations • Demonstrate • Longitudinal cooling • 6D cooling in cont. absorber • Prototype precooler • Helical Cooling Channel • Engineering concepts to accommodate RF for later demos or cooling channel prototypes • New technology PROS: Avoids H2 safety problems No RF in the MANX HCC CONS: Avoids H2 safety problems No RF in the MANX HCC Muon Collider Design Workshop

5. Muons, Inc. Background Signature story of Muons, Inc. - several new ideas combine • Idea of gaseous energy absorber enables new technology to generate high accelerating gradients for muons by using the high-pressure region of the Paschen curve. • Measurements by Muons, Inc. and IIT at FNAL have demonstrated that hydrogen gas suppresses RF breakdown • H2 performs 6 X better than He - gradients high enough to overcome dE/dx energy loss • H2 has better heat capacity, viscosity and IC effectiveness • Concept of a cooling channel filled with a continuous homogeneous absorber to provide longitudinal cooling by exploiting the path length correlation with momentum in a magnetic channel with positive dispersion. (HCC) • HCC concept can be extended to the case of magnetic fields that change amplitude along the z-axis (the beam direction). For MANX, the beam momentum can change and the conditions for 6D cooling can still be met as a beam slows down in a continuous absorber. Muon Collider Design Workshop

6. Ionization cooling issues • 2D Transverse Cooling and • Figure of merit: Fcool=LRdEm/ds (4D cooling) for different absorbers • Slope of dE/dx too small for longitudinal cooling if p>300 Want β┴≈p/B as small as possible • Reducing p difficult as the slope of dE/dx implies longitudinal heating for p<300. • Synchrotron motion then makes cooling channel design more difficult. • Can compensate with more complex dispersion function or absorber shape • Increasing B means new technology Muon Collider Design Workshop

7. HCC theory evolution Dipole  Dipole + Solenoid (+Quad for stability) } Transforming to the frame of the rotating helical dipole leads to a time and z –independent Hamiltonian, can form relation: Positive dispersion Equal cooling decrement Manipulate values of parameters to change performance: Longitudinal only cooling decrement Muon Collider Design Workshop

8. HCC Applications Some examples of parameter manipulation from the derbenev-johnson HCC theory to address specific applications: Stopping muons: decreasing absorber density. As precooler: absorber, no RF. As a decay channel (no absorber): Muons, Inc. : Nothing designed today will be used exactly as imagined now As a cooling channel (abs+RF): Precooler Series of HCCs Solenoid + High Pressurized RF Muon Collider Design Workshop

9. Another HCC: A MANX channel • Use Liquid He absorber • No RF cavity • Length of cooling channel: 3.2 m • Length of matching section: 2.4 m • Helical pitch k: 1.0 • Helical orbit radius: 25 cm • Helical period: 1.6 m • Transverse cooling: ~1.3 • Longitudinal cooling: ~1.3 • 6D cooling: ~2 G4BL Simulation 9 Muon Collider Design Workshop

10. MANX HCC Design Evolution Outer bandage rings Inner bobbin Superconducting coils (one layer, hard bend wound) Combined function magnets: 1. Layered conductors for individual components 2. Individual coils, offsets create dipole, quad components 1.“Conventional” 2.“Kashikhin” Can in principle use coil offsets to construct any desired magnetic channel: HCC, matching, etc. Muon Collider Design Workshop

11. Possible MANX configurations Design HCC Magnet Matching Increase gap between coils from 20 mm to 100 mm HCC Matching • Helix period = 1.2 m • Coil length = 0.05 m • Gap between coils = 0.01 m • Current = -430.0 A/mm2 • (VK ‘s original value= -330.0 A/mm2) August 8, 2007 AAC'07 K. Yonehara 11 Muon Collider Design Workshop

12. Feasibility of RF in MANX Starting from the original cooling channel design: Limited radially Adapting to variations of HCC: Limited longitudinally Muon Collider Design Workshop

13. MANX following MICE Attempt to construct HCC and matching fields directly from individual Coils in “G4MANX”, using the MICE spectrometers. Muon Collider Design Workshop

14. The MANX/FNAL APC Roadmap to 2012 We will be in competition against CLIC at 2012. No Yes Plan A Plan B No 2009 ~ 2011 + RF + GH2 - Cooling • 2008 ~ 2011 • - No RF • LHe • + Cooling 14 Muon Collider Design Workshop

15. R & D Toward MANX/HCC Cooling.. • Detectors: • “0th” order study MANX is with the MICE detectors. • Studies at FNAL by Martin Hu for cryo operation of scin. fibers • New detector proposals: • Multi-Pixel Photon Counters For Particle Detection Systems (new phase I 2008 proposal submitted to DOE SBIR) • Fast timing detectors ~ few picosecs resolution with U Chicago • RF • MTA beam test is scheduled for HPRF at FNA • HCC Ring Tests • Supported by FNAL and Muons, Inc. PH II • Simulations • Continue studies of HCC optimization • Extension to G4BL for resolutions, systematics and controls studies • “MANX” extension to “”G4MICE” for complete reconstruction Muon Collider Design Workshop

16. MANX Near Future THIS IS HAPPENING… • FNAL has put muons on the agenda • Impressive groups of persons involved on projects • MTA beam test is a priority • HCC theory is being simulated and refined: • RF studies informing HCC MANX design • New insights into isochronicity (gamma-t) are being investigated and exploited • HCC coil tests planned and implemented • Serious engineering concerns on Manx HCC being addressed • Muons, Inc. joining MICE – natural collaborators, many similar problems Muon Collider Design Workshop

17. Coil placements Upstream Matching HCC Downstream Matching Muon Collider Design Workshop

18. Feasibility of RF in MANX Muon Collider Design Workshop