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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION RAILWAY FAMILY LIFE WOMEN’S RIGHTS. The Industrial Revolution. Main influences (money, labour , demand, power, transport, food, machines) - “mass production”- beginning - fuel problem (less wood- coal- iron) - Image: iron & coal production.
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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION RAILWAY FAMILY LIFE WOMEN’S RIGHTS
The Industrial Revolution • Main influences (money, labour, demand, power, transport, food, machines) - “mass production”- beginning - fuel problem (less wood- coal- iron) - Image: iron & coal production
A Watt steam engine. The steam engine, fueled primarily by coal, propelled the Industrial Revolution in Britain and the world
inventions and increased production (cotton/wool/ china goods)
Social Effects of the Industrial Revolution - workers joining (fair wages- better conditions) A young "drawer" pulling a coal tub along a mine gallery.[80] In Britain laws passed in 1842 and 1844 improved working conditions in mines
Over London by RailGustaveDoré c. 1870. Shows the densely populated and polluted environments created in the new industrial cities
(19th c.) Britain - Most powerful – ‘workshop’ of the world- factories producing more than any country in the world - The Great Exhibition of Industries (1851) inside the Crystal Palace - Queen Victoria - Aim (show world greatness of Britain’s industry)
Why was Britain industrially strong 1- Enough natural resources: coal/iron/steel for production & exporting (production of new heavy industrial goods-machinery) -exporting (e.g. cloth) 2-strong banking system Images: The Iron Bridge, Shropshire, England
The Railway • Best example of Britain’s Industrial power (19th c.) • Six million could visit the Great Exhibition in London • At first to transport goods (cost/speed) • Then passenger trains (government/fare/quickly) • Poor conditions improved (prices fell/wages doubled/better food/gas) • Two education acts • Children schooling (13) • Redbrick universities (distinguish/industrial cities/science and technology) • Railway use for travel and pleasure • Bicycle invention • The right to personal freedom (Capitalism)
Red brick Universities • Universities of Liverpool & Sheiffield
Painting depicting the opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway in 1830, the first inter-city railway in the world and which spawned Railway Mania due to its success
Family Life in 19th c. Britain • Growth of affection • Idea of the close family • Privacy and individualism • Marriage for personal happiness • Family under the ‘master’/no equality • Women feeling useless when children grew up • Happy family life reduced in 19th c. (strict parenting/beating/boarding schools/wife as man’s property)
The Rights of Women • (19th c.) Women as legal property –impossible to get a divorce- had to give up property upon marriage • Wife beating • Women’s colleges - no degrees • ‘Suffragettes’- the right to vote • (20th c.) The War changed everything (factories-voting age) • Liberation of women took many forms (clothes-cosmetics- smoke and drink- hair) • Protests against violence, pay and work • Growth of number of working women
Suffragette Images • Suffragette Symbol • Suffragists marching in New York, 1915 • A British suffragette, c. 1910