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Agriculture, Health, Nutrition during Crisis

Agriculture, Health, Nutrition during Crisis . Marie Ruel and Joachim von Braun International Food Policy Research Institute. Ministerial Forum on Research for Health Bamako, November 17-19, 2008. Food price bubble, 2007-08. Source: Data from FAO 2008 and IMF 2008 .

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Agriculture, Health, Nutrition during Crisis

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  1. Agriculture, Health, Nutrition during Crisis Marie Ruel and Joachim von BraunInternational Food Policy Research Institute Ministerial Forum on Research for Health Bamako, November 17-19, 2008

  2. Food price bubble, 2007-08 Source: Data from FAO 2008 and IMF 2008.

  3. Sources and features of price increases • Energy and biofuels • Income and population growth • Slow agricultural response • Climate shocks • Market and trade policy • Speculation and market fundamentals

  4. Severe impacts of the food price crisis Poor people spend 50-70% of income on food and their wages do not adjust accordingly A 50% increase in food prices in Bangladesh = 25% more prevalence of iron deficiency in women and children (Bouis 2008) Irreversible effects: withdrawal of girls from school, distress sale of productive assets, etc. Number of undernourished increased from 848 mil. in 2003-05 to 923 mil. in 2007 (FAO 2008)

  5. Financial crisis increasing the burden Short-term price relief from lower demand not sufficient for the poor Credit crunch => less capital for agriculture and higher debt burden for small farmers Policy attention diverted away from agriculture Food price crisis now much harder to resolve

  6. Agriculture-health linkages Agricultural Producers (farmers & workers) Agricultural Systems (type, method, practice, location) Agricultural Outputs (qty, qual, price, diversity) Agricultural Supply Chain Labor (energy, time, amount) Environment (water, air, soil) Income (amount, type, control) Access (food, med., health services) Intermediary Processes Policy and Policy Process/Governance Occupational health Water-associated vector-borne diseases (e.g. malaria) Nutrition Food-borne illnesses HIV/AIDS Livestock-related illnesses • Under-nutrition • Diet-related chronic disease Health Outcomes Source: Hawkes and Ruel, WHO Bull. 2006.

  7. Research priorities Identified as offering greatest opportunities for synergies between ag-health Diet and nutrition Low-cost, high-quality foods Value chain management of food safety Food safety Water-associated diseases Irrigation, water quality

  8. Research Prioritie (cont.) Agriculture and livelihood HIV/AIDS Human health Animal health Labor, agriculture productivity, livelihoods Occupational health, child labor

  9. Examples of win-win solutions • Biofortification • Homestead food production • Producing fruit/vegetable,animalsource foods for improved nutrition • Empowering women • Local procurement of food assistance • Create markets for small farmers - for maternal and child health and nutrition or school feeding programs

  10. Getting the Research Agenda implemented: how? • Governments to formulate policies that create incentives –financial and other- for inter-sectoral collaboration that benefits more than one sector • Bi- and multi-sectoral policy reviews for new policies in support of cooperation • Health impact assessments to monitor health impacts of new agricultural project s and technologies • Tracing food-agriculture health links along the food value chain in search of critical control points

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