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Reptiles and Birds

Explore the unique characteristics and evolutionary adaptations of reptiles and birds. From dry, scaly skin to the extraordinary structure of feathers and wings, uncover the wonders of terrestrial eggs, strong limbs, intricate respiratory systems, and intricate excretory processes. Learn about ectotherms and endotherms, double-loop circulatory systems, and the specialized organs like the crop and gizzard. Discover how these fascinating creatures thrive in diverse habitats and ecosystems.

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Reptiles and Birds

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  1. Reptiles and Birds

  2. Reptiles • Vertebrate • Dry, scaly skin • Lungs • Terrestrial eggs • Strong Limbs

  3. Form and Function • Ectotherms: can’t generate body heat • Internal fertilization & eggs • Double-loop circulatory system • 3 or 4 chamber heart • Excretion: uric acid or ammonia

  4. Lizards & Snakes • Lizards • Legs • Clawed toes • External ears • Moveable eyelids • Snakes • Legless

  5. Crocodilians • Alligators, crocodiles, caimans, and gavials • Long, broad snout • Carnivores • Protective of young

  6. Turtles and Tortoises Shell Lack teeth Powerful jaws Tuataras Resemble lizards Lack external ears Primitive scales Third Eye Other Groups

  7. Birds • Endotherms: generate body heat • 2 legs: scales • 2 wings • Light weight bones

  8. Form & Function Feathers • Contour: lifting & balance • Down: warmth • Powder Down: repeals H2O • Respiration: one-way flow • Internal fertilization & eggs

  9. Birds • Four-chambered heart • Crop: store & moistens food • Gizzard: grinds food • Excretion: uric acid

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