Functional Groups in Organic Chemistry: Esters, Ethers, Amines & Amides

1. Esters, Ethers, amines, and Amides Chemistry 11 – Organic Chemistry 6

2. Functional Groups: • So far, the functional groups we have looked at are:

3. Functional Groups: • So far, the functional groups we have looked at are:

4. Functional Groups: • So far, the functional groups we have looked at are:

5. Functional Groups: • So far, the functional groups we have looked at are:

6. Functional Groups: • So far, the functional groups we have looked at are:

7. Amines and amides: • Amines are organic compounds that contain the –NH2 group. To name amines, the term “amino” is put in front of the name. In other words, name amines the same way you would name halides: 3-aminopentane

8. Amines and Amides: • Amides are organic compounds that contain a -CONH2group. To name amides, change the ending of the compound to “-anamide”: propanamide

9. Ethers and Esters: • Ethers are compounds in which an oxygen atom joins two hydrocarbon groups. To name ethers, use the following guidelines: • The longer hydrocarbon chain on one side of the ether will be the “main” name and is written at the end. • The shorter hydrocarbon chain goes in front of the name with an “oxy” ending. ethoxyethane

10. Ethers and Esters: • Esters are characterized by the functional group –COO in the middle of a hydrocarbon chain. To name Esthers, use the following guidelines: • In an ester, there are two parts - the acyl group and alkyl group: • The alkyl group starts the naming and ends with “yl”, like a regular substituent • The acyl portion (the portion starting with the C=O) of the ester ends the naming with an “-anoate” ending.

11. Example: methyl butanoate

12. Try the practice questions on the notes!

13. Assignment • Pages 239-241 #34-35 (all), 37 (odd letters)