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Expressive Performance of Five Chinese Flutes. Lydia Ayers. Instruments. Xiao: end-blown notched bamboo flute with five frontal finger holes Paixiao : 11 to 22 stopped tubes. paixiao. Instruments.
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Expressive Performance of Five Chinese Flutes Lydia Ayers
Instruments • Xiao: end-blown notched bamboo flute with five frontal finger holes • Paixiao: 11 to 22 stopped tubes paixiao
Instruments • Xun: clay or porcelain vessel flute and one of the oldest Chinese instruments (at least 6,700 years old) • Koudi: a small, flute-like whistle, frequently used to make flamboyant bird-like sounds
Di / Dizi • Wrinkled membrane over one hole produces bright timbre
Di / Dizi • Each dizi in one major key
Di / Dizi Fingerings • Straightforward for pitches in the major scale • Other pitches require half hole fingerings, which are especially difficult on small flutes Fingering for #5
Chinese Cipher Notation • 1 = D, sounds 8va • The Key and Time Signatures
Lu Chun Ling: Huang Le Ge (Happy Song) Example 1: Grace Notes in Measures 8-9 Chinese Notation escape note grace note tonic daiyin Transcription
Musical Examples • Red crane bone flute: Xiao Bai Cai (Little Cabbage) http://www.pubaf.bnl.gov/pr/bnlpr092299.html • Paixiao: Qian Zhaoxi: Feng Xia Kong (Descending Phoenix) • Xiao: Zhuang Tai Qiu Si (Autumn Reflection at the Dressing Table)excerpt performed on dizi by Yu Xun-Fa, accompanied by zheng • Xiao: Zhuang Tai Qiu Si (Autumn Reflection at the Dressing Table)excerpt performed on dizi by Chan Hung-Yan, accompanied by zheng
Musical Examples • Dizi in D: Lu Chun Ling: Huang Le Ge (Happy Song) • Glad Tidings Version • Art of Lu Chun-Ling Version • Chan Chun-Nin’s Version (personal recording) • Magic Flutist Lu Chun-Ling Version • Xun: Liu Hongjun: Xianren aisi (Dreaming of Ancestors)
Musical Examples • Koudi: Bai Chengren: Miao Ling Di Zao Chen (Morning in Miao Mountain) • Dizi in F: Li Da Tong: Pa Mi Er Di ChunTian (Spring in the Pamirs)