Mycology Review

1. Mycology Review Dr. David Engman

2. Mycoses: Fungal Diseases • Chronic, Relapsing • Rarely Contagious • Cell-Mediated Immunity • Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity • Tissue Tropism

3. Differences Between Fungi and Bacteria • Size (Yeast > 5 mm, Bacteria < 2 mm) • Mode of Reproduction • Cell Structure • nucleus • mitochondrion • endoplasmic reticulum • rigid cell wall (chitin vs murein) • polysaccharides (mannan, glucan) vs LPS

4. Mycology Basics • Yeasts vs. Molds • Dimorphism • Treatment • microtubules • membranes (sterols) • Diagnosis • Saboraud’s Agar • KOH • Dimorphism • Deuteromycetes (Fungi Imperfecta)

5. Yeast Forms

6. Mold Forms

7. Superficial Fungal Infections • Tinea Capitis • Tinea Corporis • Tinea Cruris • Tinea Pedis • Tinea Unguium

8. Superficial Fungal Infections

9. Superficial Fungal Infections

10. Superficial Fungal Infections

11. Superficial Fungal Infections

12. Superficial Fungal Infections

13. Subcutaneous Fungal Infections • Sporotrichosis • Chromoblastomycosis • Mycetoma

14. Subcutaneous Fungal Infections

15. Subcutaneous Fungal Infections

16. Subcutaneous Fungal Infections

17. Subcutaneous Fungal Infections

18. Subcutaneous Fungal Infections

19. Subcutaneous Fungal Infections

20. Systemic Fungal Infections • Histoplasmosis • Blastomycosis • Coccidioidomyocosis • Paracoccidioidomycosis • All are dimorphic

21. Histoplasmosis • Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys • Primary Pulmonary Infection • Grow Within Pulmonary Macrophages • TB-like Lesions

22. Histoplasmosis

23. Blastomycosis • Midwest and Eastern North America • Similar to Histo, but not in Macrophage • Pneumonia: Fungus Ball • Broad-Based Budding

24. Blastomycosis

25. Blastomycosis

26. Coccidioidomycosis • Southwest United States • Usually Self-Limiting

27. Coccidioidomycosis

28. Coccidioidomycosis

29. Paracoccidioidomycosis • South American Blastomycosis • Chronic Mucocutaneous Ulcers • Women Resistant - Estrogen Inhibits

30. Paracoccidioidomycosis

31. Opportunistic Fungal Infections • Cryptococcosis • Aspergillosis • Zygomycosis/Mucormycosis • Candidiasis

32. Cryptococcosis • Soil Contaminated with Pigeon Droppings • Encapsulated - Not Phagocytosed • Meningitis - Death • India Ink, Latex Agglutination, Brain Biopsy

33. Cryptococcosis

34. Aspergillosis • Branching Hyphae Seen on Silver Stain • Common Nosocomial in Immunocompromised

35. Aspergillosis

36. Mucormycosis • Absidia, Rhizopus, Mucor spp. • Diabetic Acidosis • Pulmonary or Rhinocerebral Disease • GI Disease in AIDS • Culture/Diagnosis Difficult

37. Mucormycosis

38. Candidiasis • Most Common Systemic Fungal Pathogen • Oral Thrush • Esophageal, Vaginal Infection Common • Colonization/Growth on Moist Skin • Germ Tube Test

39. Candidiasis

40. Candidiasis

41. Candidiasis

42. Fungal Word Association • Asteroid bodies – • Broad-based budding – • Copper sclerotic bodies – • Diabetic Ketoacidosis – • Germ Tube Test – • Granulomata – • Oral Thrush – • Pigeon Droppings – • Rose handler’s disease – • Southwest United States – • Wood’s lamp –

43. Fungal Word Association • Asteroid bodies – Sporothrix • Broad-based budding – • Copper sclerotic bodies – • Diabetic Ketoacidosis – • Germ Tube Test – • Granulomata – • Oral Thrush – • Pigeon Droppings – • Rose handler’s disease – • Southwest United States – • Wood’s lamp –

44. Fungal Word Association • Asteroid bodies – Sporothrix • Broad-based budding – Blasto • Copper sclerotic bodies – • Diabetic Ketoacidosis – • Germ Tube Test – • Granulomata – • Oral Thrush – • Pigeon Droppings – • Rose handler’s disease – • Southwest United States – • Wood’s lamp –

45. Fungal Word Association • Asteroid bodies – Sporothrix • Broad-based budding – Blasto • Copper sclerotic bodies – Chromo • Diabetic Ketoacidosis – • Germ Tube Test – • Granulomata – • Oral Thrush – • Pigeon Droppings – • Rose handler’s disease – • Southwest United States – • Wood’s lamp –

46. Fungal Word Association • Asteroid bodies – Sporothrix • Broad-based budding – Blasto • Copper sclerotic bodies – Chromo • Diabetic Ketoacidosis – Mucor • Germ Tube Test – • Granulomata – • Oral Thrush – • Pigeon Droppings – • Rose handler’s disease – • Southwest United States – • Wood’s lamp –

47. Fungal Word Association • Asteroid bodies – Sporothrix • Broad-based budding – Blasto • Copper sclerotic bodies – Chromo • Diabetic Ketoacidosis – Mucor • Germ Tube Test – Candida • Granulomata – • Oral Thrush – • Pigeon Droppings – • Rose handler’s disease – • Southwest United States – • Wood’s lamp –

48. Fungal Word Association • Asteroid bodies – Sporothrix • Broad-based budding – Blasto • Copper sclerotic bodies – Chromo • Diabetic Ketoacidosis – Mucor • Germ Tube Test – Candida • Granulomata – Histo (also Schisto, TB) • Oral Thrush – • Pigeon Droppings – • Rose handler’s disease – • Southwest United States – • Wood’s lamp –

49. Fungal Word Association • Asteroid bodies – Sporothrix • Broad-based budding – Blasto • Copper sclerotic bodies – Chromo • Diabetic Ketoacidosis – Mucor • Germ Tube Test – Candida • Granulomata – Histo (also Schisto, TB) • Oral Thrush – Candida • Pigeon Droppings – • Rose handler’s disease – • Southwest United States – • Wood’s lamp –

50. Fungal Word Association • Asteroid bodies – Sporothrix • Broad-based budding – Blasto • Copper sclerotic bodies – Chromo • Diabetic Ketoacidosis – Mucor • Germ Tube Test – Candida • Granulomata – Histo (also Schisto, TB) • Oral Thrush – Candida • Pigeon Droppings – Crypto • Rose handler’s disease – • Southwest United States – • Wood’s lamp –