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Cold War

Cold War. Cold War. 50's. 80's. 60's. 70's. 40's. 1950. 1980. 1960. 1970. 1990. Reagan End of Cold War INF Treaty Reaganomics Rise of terrorism Gorbachev Iran –Contra Affair Berlin wall fell. JFK LBJ Civil Rights Black panthers Malcolm X Space Race Great Society

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Cold War

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  1. Cold War

  2. Cold War 50's 80's 60's 70's 40's 1950 1980 1960 1970 1990 • Reagan • End of Cold War • INF Treaty • Reaganomics • Rise of terrorism • Gorbachev • Iran –Contra Affair • Berlin wall fell • JFK • LBJ • Civil Rights • Black panthers • Malcolm X • Space Race • Great Society • JFK Shot • Woodstock • Nixon • Ford Carter • Feminist • Roe vs Wade • Watergate • End of Vietnam • SALT talks • Camp David • OPEC – no oil • Iranian Hostage Crisis -FDR Truman End of WWII Start of Cold War Iron Curtain • Truman • Eisenhower • Beatles/Elvis • McCarthyism • Interstates • GI Bill • Consumerism • Civil Rights • Rosa Parks • Brown vs Board

  3. WHEN? • 1945 – 1990 • 45 Years!!! • Immediately following WWII

  4. WHAT? • Division in the world between Communism & free countries • “Iron Curtain” represented the division in Europe

  5. WHO?

  6. WHO? USSR vs USA *WARSAW *NATO satellite countries *North Atlantic Treaty Organization *SEATO -Southeast Asia Treaty Organization *OAS -Organization of American States

  7. WHY • 1: Distrust • Neither Country trusted the other so they took action which the other saw as aggression • 2: Different Governments (ideologies) • Communism vs Capitalism

  8. WHY? 3. Spread vs Contain • USA wanted to CONTAIN communism – don’t let it spread • Truman Doctrine • -Give $ to any country that resists communism • 2. Marshall Plan • -$ to any country destroyed in WWII • 3. Eisenhower Doctrine • -US aid any Middle East country that is resisting communism • 4. Domino Theory – • Don’t let any fall to communism no matter how big or small • USSR wanted to spread communism to as many places as possible!! • Quickly took areas as satellite countries & to act as a buffer • Salami Tactics

  9. Truman: 1945 - 1953 • 1. Fair Deal • Truman’s Domestic Plan • Gave Social Security Benefits • increased minimum wage • built low income housing

  10. Truman: 1945 - 1953 • 2. GI Bill • “Government Issued” • Provided for veterans houses, education, money • National Defense Education Act • Rise of middle class bc of the opportunities • Baby Boomers

  11. Truman 1945-1953 • 3. Levittown • Mass produced homes for GI families • Cheap

  12. Truman: 1945 - 1953 • 4. Consumer Society • Tired of rationing • Americans began to buy cars, tv, appliances…. • Credit Cards • 5. Women • Leave the Factories - go back home to be a housewife • End of Rosie the Riveter

  13. Truman: 1945 - 1953 • 6. Red Scare • 2nd wave of Fear of Communism b/c of nuclear arms race • People built fall out shelters, practiced duck & cover • National Security Act– Created the CIA and Department of Defense for protection Video

  14. Truman: 1945 - 1953 • Red Scare • McCarthyism– Joseph McCarthy accused MANY people of being a communist • HUAC– accused “communists” • Example: Julius & Ethel Rosenberg – killed for being spies • Hollywood 10 – writers, actors, producers accused of being communists

  15. Truman: 1945 - 1953 • 7. Revival of Religion • Strongly supported belief in God because it was “anti-communist” • Communist didn’t believe in God • “In God we Trust” and “One nation under God” • Billy Graham preached

  16. Truman: 1945 - 1953 • 8. Containment– Truman wanted to ensure that NO country “FALL” to communism • Truman Doctrine • Marshall Plan

  17. Truman: 1945 - 1953 9. Berlin Crisis • At Yalta the Allies agreed to divide Germany into 4 zones temporarily • Potsdam – Berlin would be divided in half • The 4 Allies had different GOALS for Germany • Stalin cut all roads, railways, waterways and electricity to West Berlin • US & UK flew over 200,000 flights to supply the 2.2 million people in west Berlin. • Stalin backed down • West created: Federal Republic of Germany • East created: German Democratic Republic

  18. 10. China become Communist *Civil war in China *Nationalists vs Communists *Had started after WWI with the Long March but stopped to fight the Japanese during WWII -Resumed after WWII

  19. 10. China become Communist USSR vs USA *supported communists Supported Nationalists *Mao Zedong *Chiang Kai Check *Mainland China *Taiwan (island) -PRC -US did NOT talk to Communist China until Nixon

  20. 26.1 • What caused suspicion between the US and the USSR during WWII? • What caused tension after the war? • What happened at the Potsdam Conference? • Why did Truman distrust Stalin? • What were Truman’s goals in establishing the policy of containment? • What are similarities and differences between the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan? • What were the effects of the Berlin Airlift? • What was the goal of NATO? • pg 811 Geography Skillbuilder: • What nations located between USSR and Iron Curtain? • Why did the USSR want to control these nations?

  21. TV Shows: • Father Knows Best • I love Lucy • Maverick Video

  22. Eisenhower: 1953 - 1961 Need to know facts: -Signed Truce in Korea (1953) -Little Rock 9 – wanted desegregation -Brinkmanship – pushing to the edge of war -Stalin died and so he was 1st president to “work with” Khrushchev - “Military –industrial complex” – link between military, congress and industry

  23. The 50’s • A. McCarthyism • Red Scare continued – Blame Game • By 1954: McCarthy had to defend accusations on TV and people saw him as crazy • B. National Highway Act – 1956 • Federal interstate highway system • Military purpose – troops and personnel could be moved in the event of a nuclear attack

  24. The 50’s • C. Youth Culture – Beatles, Elvis

  25. The 50’s • D. Korean War • Divided at the 38th Parallel • North Korea (communist) attacked South Korea • USA supported South Korea • Feared the domino theory • Douglas MacArthur was the general • USSR supported North Korea

  26. The 50’s • D. Korean War • Douglas MacArthur pushed to far up into North Korea & Communist China jumped into the war on the North's side • Truman fired MacArthur • Result – 1953 ended in a tie and redrew the line at the 38th parallel Video

  27. The 50’s • E. Civil Rights • Brown vs Board of Education - 1954 • Thurgood Marshall – attorney (later 1st African American to be on the Supreme court) • Overturned Plessy vs. Ferguson • NO MORE segregation!!! Video

  28. The 50’s • E. Civil Rights • Montgomery bus boycott – 1955 • Rosa Parks – refused to give up her seat to a white person on the bus • Dr. Martin Luther King – led boycott to end segregation in public transportation • NON Violent

  29. The 50’s • E. Civil Rights • Freedom Riders • Organized by Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) • Student nonviolent coordinating committee

  30. The 50’s • E. Civil Rights • Sit Ins • Non Violent Protests (started in NC) • Blacks would SIT until they were served or arrested

  31. The 50’s • E. Civil Rights • White Resistance • George Wallace –Governor of Alabama • tried to prevent integration of University of Alabama • Federal authorities had to force Wallace to comply • Dixicrats • Split from the Democratic Party • Strom Thurmond – ran for president • DID NOT want Desegregation!!

  32. The 50’s • E. Civil Rights • White Resistance • Little Rock Nine – 1957 • Governor called the Arkansas National Guard to PREVENT 9 black students from entering school • President Eisenhower authorized the Guard to go home and sent the 101st Airborne to enforce the court’s ruling video

  33. The 50’s • F. Space Race Starts • USSR is the 1st to put a satellite in space in 1957 • Sputnik • US was afraid that there was a “gap” – they were behind the USSR Video

  34. 26.2 • Chapter 26.2 – China Civil War & Korean War • What factors led to the Communist takeover in China? • How did the outcome of the Chinese civil war affect American politics?   • Explain how Korea had become a divided nation after WWII? • How did the involvement of communist China affect the Korean War?   • How did MacArthur and Truman differ over strategy in the Korean War? • Why did America go to the aid of South Korea? Was the fighting in Korea worthwhile for America? Explain. •   Analyze the Political Cartoon. Be sure to include: documents/people, message, & viewpoint.

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