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The Nation Matures

The Nation Matures. US entered an “Era of Good Feelings” Strong nationalism James Monroe became nation’s 5 th president The Missouri Compromise MO applied to enter as a slave state Upset balance of power in Senate

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The Nation Matures

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  1. The Nation Matures • US entered an “Era of Good Feelings” • Strong nationalism • James Monroe became nation’s 5th president • The Missouri Compromise • MO applied to enter as a slave state • Upset balance of power in Senate • Maine requested admission to Union as a separate state • Agreed to admit Maine as a free-state, MO as a slave-state • Slavery would be prohibited north of MO’s southern border

  2. The Nation Matures • American Nationalism • Shifted from world affairs to national growth • Spain’s colonies were fighting for independence • President Monroe proclaimed the Monroe Doctrine • Western Hemisphere was closed to European nations • 1816 – Rep. John C. Calhoun (SC) introduced Second Bank of United States • Power to issue currency and control state banks • Tariff of 1816 • Protective tariff to raise the price of import • Chief Justice John Marshall’s Court • McCullouch vs. Maryland

  3. Life in the North • 1815-1860 many foreigners came to America • Some went West, others settled in the cities • Fought against immigrants who did not fit the WASP mold • Workers began to organize and form unions • Prices dropped in 1860, leading to lower wages and poorer conditions • Employers did not want to work with them, and courts ruled against them • Agriculture remained the leading economic activity • Until late 1800s

  4. The Land of Cotton • Farming was even larger in the South • 16% of nation’s manufacturing • Thrived on cash crops • Tobacco, cotton, rice, and sugarcane • Cotton Becomes King • Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin • Cotton production soared • Increased demand for enslaved labor • Slavery • Slaves were given all types of tasks • Abide by Slave Codes • Found methods to resist slavery

  5. The Age of Jackson • Elected president in 1828 • Spoils System • Wanted ordinary citizens to play a role in government • Kitchen Cabinet • Growing Rift • Passed a large tariff in 1832 • South Carolina adopted an ordinance of nullification • Jackson dismantled the Second Bank • Sent nation in to a Depression • Trail of Tears • Ordered all Cherokee to a new land with the Indian Removal Act

  6. A Reforming Society • Temperance • Movement to stop the consumption of alcohol • Prisons, Asylums, and School Reform • Worked on rehabilitating prisoners • Recognized mentally handicapped and sent to asylums • Established a system of public education for all children • Women’s Rights • 1848 – Seneca Falls Convention • Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton • Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions • Focus on suffrage

  7. A Reforming Society • Abolitionism • Divided the nation • Religious groups viewed slavery as a sin • Free African Americans took prominent roles • Frederick Douglass • Sojourner Truth • Religious antislavery speeches attracted huge crowds

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