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CLAUSES , SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS AND COMMAS

CLAUSES , SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS AND COMMAS. INDEPENDENT CLAUSE. AN INDEPENDENT CLAUSE HAS A SUBJECT AND A PREDICATE AND CAN STAND ON ITS OWN AS A COMPLETE SENTENCE (HENCE THE WORD “INDEPENDENT ”) EXAMPLE: I HATE KETCHUP. DEPENDENT CLAUSE .

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CLAUSES , SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS AND COMMAS

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  1. CLAUSES , SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS AND COMMAS

  2. INDEPENDENT CLAUSE • AN INDEPENDENT CLAUSE HAS A SUBJECT AND A PREDICATE AND CAN STAND ON ITS OWN AS A COMPLETE SENTENCE (HENCE THE WORD “INDEPENDENT”) • EXAMPLE: I HATE KETCHUP.

  3. DEPENDENT CLAUSE • A DEPENDENT CLAUSE HAS A SUBJECT AND A PREDICATE; HOWEVER, DUE TO THE USE OF A SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION, IT CAN NO LONGER STAND ON ITS OWN AS A COMPLETE SENTENCE (HENCE THE WORD “DEPENDENT”). • EXAMPLE: ALTHOUGH I HATE KETCHUP

  4. ALTHOUGH I HATE KETCHUP • THIS SENTENCE SHOULD SOUND INCOMPLETE TO YOU. IT HAS A SUBJECT AND A PREDICATE, BUT IT NEEDS MORE TO MAKE IT COMPLETE. IT NEEDS TO BE ATTACHED TO AN INDEPENDENT CLAUSE. • ALTHOUGH I HATE KETCHUP, I LET MY KIDS EAT IT.

  5. SOME SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS • AFTER • ALTHOUGH • AS • BECAUSE • BEFORE • IF • IN ORDER • HOW • SINCE • SO THAT • SUPPOSING • THAT • THOUGH • UNLESS • UNTIL • WHAT • WHEN • WHENEVER • WHEREAS • WHETHER

  6. TO BE OR NOT TO BE SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION • THOSE WORDS ARE ONLY ACTING LIKE SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS IF THEY ARE PLACED BEFORE WHAT WAS ONCE AN INDEPENDENT CLAUSE

  7. EXAMPLE • I DON’T REALLY LIKE HOTDOGS BECAUSE I HATE KETCHUP • SINCE “I” IS A SUBJECT AND “HATE” IS A PREDICATE, BECAUSE IS ACTING AS A SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION HERE • I HAD TO LEAVE QUICKLY BECAUSE OF THE TIME. • “OF THE TIME” DOES NOT CONTAIN A SUBJECT AND A PREDICATE, SO BECAUSE IS NOT ACTING AS A SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION HERE.

  8. COMMAS AND SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS • IF A SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION (AND THEREFORE THE DEPENDENT CLAUSE)IS WRITTEN FIRST, YOU PLACE A COMMA AFTER THE DEPENDENT CLAUSE. • EXAMPLE: UNTIL I GET YOU TO UNDERSTAND THESE GRAMMAR RULES, I WILL NOT BE ABLE TO SLEEP.

  9. COMMAS AND SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS • IF THE INDEPENDENT CLAUSE IS WRITTEN FIRST, YOU DO NOT USE A COMMA TO CONNECT THE INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT CLAUSE. • EXAMPLE: I WILL NOT BE ABLE TO SLEEP UNTIL I GET YOU TO UNDERSTAND THESE GRAMMAR RULES.

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