Persia and Greece

1. Persia and Greece

2. I. Introduction • Greece and Persia were neighboring empires that … WHEN??? • Dual expansion led … • Despite Persia’s defeat at the hands of the Greeks… • Decline • Legacy – Why do we focus so heavily on Greece??? • Greece was no more important than any other classic civilization.

3. II. Before Persia • Assyria (950 – 612 BCE) • Ruled area of ??? • Declined because • Empire was … • Nobles were… • Rebellions

4. II. Before Persia

5. III. Persia (550 – 330 B.C.E.)

6. III. Persia (550 – 330 B.C.E.) CONT • Rise • Location • Cyrus the Great and Darius • Darius attacks … BUT ??? • Xerxes • Battle of Thermopylae • Battle of Salamis

7. III. Persia (550 – 330 B.C.E.) CONT • Social Structure and Culture • Family structure ??? • Social Classes: What do you think they were? • Warriors, Priests, Nobles • Scribes, Merchants, Bureaucrats • Peasants, Artisans • Language

8. III. Persia (550 – 330 B.C.E.) CONT • Religion • Zoroastrianism – Emphasizes ??? • Choosing between ??? • Last judgment … • First step in the direction of …

9. III. Persia (550 – 330 B.C.E.) CONT • Political structure • Centralized Government HOW??? • Empire was divided into ??? • Satrapies – provinces • Governed by ??? • Satraps (governors) • Who were they??? • The regions paid tribute to the king WHAT??? • Conquered peoples had … Led to WHAT??? • Government built ??? WHY??? • Increased trade and to control the empire • **FUN FACT ALERT** Led to ???

10. III. Persia (550 – 330 B.C.E.) CONT • Decline – Defeat in 477 B.C.E. to ??? • Played small role in … BUT … Persian War

11. IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE) • Geography • ??? • Lacked ??? Led to ??? • Natural barriers led to … • No central government • Also led to … • Hellenistic empire

14. IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE) • The Emergence of City-States (Poli) • Featured ??? • Stress on … • City-States competed for ??? • Two strongest city-states ??? fought in … • Who wins??? • Who REALLY wins??? • Weakened Greek unity • Conquered by ??? • King Philip of Macedonia • Alexander the Great

18. IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE) • Religion • Polytheistic religion featuring … • Little appeal among the commoners since it lacked “mystery.” • What does “mystery” mean??? • Hellenistic age produces many mystery religions • No major religion established differs from ???

19. IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE) • Politics – Birth of ??? • Expansion of trade led to … • Eventually led to ??? • Caused a shift in people’s allegiance from … • Led to wide-spread participation in government – DEMOCRACY • Does everyone vote??? Can anyone be a politician??? WHY??? • Level of democracy varied • Athens??? Sparta???

20. IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE) • Greek Society • Patriarchal – BUT… • Slavery

21. IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE) • Greek Culture • Large cultural gap … • Based on four principles: • Emphasis on ??? • Art and sculpture glorified ??? • Drama and philosophy stressed … • The philosophical and scientific tradition emphasized ??? • Major Philosophers???

25. IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE) • Decline • Alexander creates …

26. IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE) • After Alexander’s death, the empire declined… WHY??? • Hellenistic Age • Blending of … • Hellenistic Kingdoms • Macedonia – Antigonid Dynasty • Syria & East – Seleucid Dynasty • Pergamum – Attalid Dynasty • Egypt – Ptolemy Dynasty

28. V. Conclusion • Greeks did not develop ??? Who did??? • Democracy of Greeks was … • In 1700s used to justify establishing own forms of democracy • Legacy was … • Citizenship • Heritage of Slavery • Art and Philosophy – Most Lasting Contribution • KEY IDEA – Ordinary People… • Fundamental in developing Middle Eastern and Western Civilization