Get out one sheet of paper and write these targets at the top

1. Get out one sheet of paper and write these targets at the top I can. . . Describe circumstances at home and abroad prior to U.S. involvement in World War II Identify the significant military and political aspects of World War II

2. This must be completed TODAY! • You will need a GREEN U.S. History book and one partner (as well as) your one sheet of paper with the targets on the top. • Turn to page 542 • Using the text, complete Dictators Threaten World Peace, parts A and B • Using the text, complete War in Europe, parts A and B • Japanese Aggression (questions on the back) • Political Cartoon • 1. Identify the figures in the cartoon? Who does each represent? • 2. What is meant by the sign, “Follies of 1936”? You may need to use your book. • 3. What message is the cartoonist sending to the reader? • 4. Give this cartoon a caption or title? • Franklin D. Roosevelt’s “Quarantine Speech” – answer the three questions at the bottom

3. WORLD WAR II was the deadliest conflict in human history by far. The exact figures will never be known, but as many as 50–60 million people around the world lost their lives as a result of conflict between September 1939 and August 1945. At least one-third were civilians: killed, maimed, or made homeless by aerial bombing, starvation, disease, or other causes

4. Military Deaths (in approximate figures) • Soviet Union: 7 million (at least; the actual figure may be as high as 13 • million) • Germany: 4 million • China: 3.5 million • Japan: 1.2 million • United States: 405,399 • Yugoslavia: 300,000 • British Commonwealth: 344,000 (United Kingdom: 244,000; Canada: • 37,000; India 24,000; Australia 23,000; New Zealand 10,000; South • Africa 6,000) • Romania: 200,000 • France: 200,000 • Italy: 165,000 • Hungary: 120,000 • Poland: 120,000 • Czechoslovakia: 10,000

5. Civilian Deaths (in approximate figures) • China: 10 million • Soviet Union: 7 million (at least) • Poland: 6 million • Germany: 1.6 million (up to 2 million ethnic Germans from Eastern • Europe may also have died) • Yugoslavia: 1 million • Romania: 465,000 • France: 400,000 • Czechoslovakia: 330,000 • Japan: 380.000 • Hungary: 280,000 • Greece: 250,000 • Netherlands: 190,000 • United Kingdom: 60,000

7. Attempts at Peace After WWI • League of Nations • U.S. never joined • No teeth • Naval Disarmament (Washington Naval Conference and London Naval Conference) • Major countries pledge to reduce warships, cruisers, and destroyers • Nine-Power Treaty • Support equal trading rights in China and respect for China’s independence • Kellogg-Briand Pact • Agreement to outlaw war as an “instrument of national policy”

11. Aggression • 1931 – Japanese invasion of Manchuria • 1935 – Italian invasion of Ethiopia • 1935 – Germany reintroduces conscription • 1936 – Germany remilitarizes the Rhineland • 1936 – Spanish civil war won by Franco • 1937 – Japanese of China • 1938 – German annexing of Austria

15. 1938 – Munich Pact • Germany gets the Sudetenland • Policy of appeasement • 1939 – Italy invades and annexes Albania • 1939 – Germany demands the return of Danzig and the Polish Corridor • 1939 – Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact • No fighting each other; divide Poland • Really it gave the Soviets time • Sept. 1, 1939, Germany invades Poland

20. What the U.S. was doing • Passing Neutrality Acts (1935, 1937) • Prohibited the sale of war implements to belligerents • Prohibited loans to belligerents • Prohibited Americans from sailing on ships of belligerents • Restricted entry of American merchant ships into war zones

21. FDR’s Quarantine Speech • Warned that the western hemisphere may be attacked • World lawlessness was an “epidemic of physical disease” • Aggressive nations must be quarantined • This was a test of America’s will to engage • American’s were not ready to reengage in conflict

22. However, • By 1941 things change • Initial German successes • Poland, Denmark, Norway, France, and almost Britain. . . done • U.S. changes its tone • Neutrality Act of 1939 – cash and carry • Selective Service Act of 1940 – 1st peacetime draft • Destroyer-Naval Base Deal (1940) – 50 destroyers for military bases in Western Hemisphere • Lend-Lease Act (1941) – garden hose analogy ($50 billion) • Atlantic Charter (1941) – four freedoms; U.N. proposal • Embargo of Japan – no aviation fuel or scrap iron; froze their American assets

27. Atlantic Charter • The U.S. and Britain • Seek no territorial gain • Respected the right of all people to choose their own form of government • “We look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression--everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way-- everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want . . . everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear . . . anywhere in the world.” • Nations must abandon the use of force • We need to establish a “system of general security.” –the United Nations

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32. Pearl Harbor and the Coming of War • Japan seeks a Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere • U.S. attitudes towards the Japanese – years of the “yellow peril” • U.S. bans the sale of aviation fuel and scrap metal to the Japanese • The Dutch and French can’t hold on to there Asian possessions • U.S. freezes Japanese assets and places an all-out trade embargo on Japan • Dec. 7, 1941 • 20 ships; 350 aircraft 2,400+ dead; 1,200 wounded • The awakening of a sleeping giant - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3e99lfmmDN0 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mQm_I3GpaGM